Language-specific Insights

complete verse (1 John 5:1)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 John 5:1:

  • Uma: “All people who believe that Yesus is the Redeemer King, they are made/considered-children by God. And all people who love God the Father, they certainly love all God’s children as well.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Whoever believes that Isa is the Almasi who is chosen by God to rule, he is a child of God already. For example, if one loves a person one also loves his children.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Anyone who believes that Jesus is the one chosen by God to rule is a son of God. And if he holds dear in his breath our Father God, he will also hold dear his companions who are children of God.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Whoever believes that Jesus is the one God sent who is called Cristo, he is God’s child. And the one who loves the father, he also loves his children.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Whoever believes that as for Jesus, he is the one meant by Cristo who is the Savior King who was promised, it’s like he has now been given birth to by God. And it’s true, if we hold dear this one who as-it-were gave birth, of course we value all the others who have been as-it-were given birth to by him.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “All who believe that Jesus is the Christ are the people who are God’s children. a person who loves a fellowman must also love the children of the man whom he loves.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Yatzachi Zapotec: “Any of us are children of God if we believe that Jesus is the Christ, the one who is God. And all of us if we love our father God, likewise we love our fellows because likewise they are God’s children.”
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “Whoever believes that Jesus and the Christ, God’s Chosen-One, are the same, only he is born anew by God, and is his child. Whoever loves (esteems) God, also his siblings he will love, in that the same one, God, is their Father.”
  • Tzotzil: “If we believe that Jesus Christ has been chosen by God to be our Savior, thus we have been born again in the presence of God for sure. Here in the world if we love our father thus we love also all our siblings.”
  • Garifuna: “. . . Everyone who loves (our) Father, also loves (our) Father’s children.” (Source for this and three above: John Beekman in Notes on Translation 12, November 1964, p. 1ff.)

complete verse (1 John 3:19)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 John 3:19:

  • Uma: “If we love our relatives, that is a sign so that we really know that we are God’s children, with the result that our hearts will be still/quiet to face him.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “If we (dual) truly love our (incl.) fellow-men that is a sign that we (dual) follow the true teaching therefore it is peaceful in our (dual) livers in the presence of God.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “For if we do this, we (incl.) can know that we really are sons of the true God. And because of that, it is no longer necessary for us to be ashamed in his presence,” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “If that is how we love-one-another, that’s how we know that it’s true that we have been joined to God. And even if our minds accuse us, we can nonetheless cause-our minds -to-be-peaceful so that we will not be ashamed to pray to him. For we know that God’s thoughts are higher/more-important than our thoughts and he totally knows everything. He knows that we have been joined to him.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Therefore herein we will know that as for us, we are under the jurisdiction of truth which comes from God. And therein also, our heads will not now be troubled when approaching him.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “If we truly love our fellowmen, then we know for sure that we do what is said in what is truly God’s word. Then we have peace of heart because God will not be angry with us.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Yatzachi Zapotec: “We know that we are children of God, if we love our fellows with all our hearts. And if there are times when we think in our head-hearts that we are not worthy for God to say”
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “And if we really have love, we will know that we follow the true Word. And our hearts will rest before the face of God.”
  • Tzotzil: “Because if we love each other thus we know that we have really and truly believed. Therefore we are one-hearted (at peace) in the presence of God.”
  • Garifuna: “If we love each other thus, then we know that we are in (progressive) (united to) the true belief (faith). Also then there is tranquillity with our hearts before God. (we are not worried, upset).” (Source for this and two above: John Beekman in Notes on Translation 12, November 1964, p. 1ff.)

complete verse (1 John 3:18)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 John 3:18:

  • Uma: “My children, let’s not be loving in lips only, let’s not say that we love our relatives and we not do anything to help them. We [should be] loving with our behavior, for that is really true love.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “My children-grandchildren, don’t let us (incl.) just love with words/speech. But if we (dual) say we (dual) love our (dual) fellow-man, we (dual) should make our (dual) words true/confirm/verify them and cause good deeds to accompany (the words) toward them (the fellow-men).” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “My dear children, it’s necessary that our love for our companions is not just mere words, but rather it is necessary that we show our love for them by means of our actions.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “You who are my children, our manner-of-loving our companions, it should not be merely in our words only, but rather it should be from-the-heart and it should be shown in what we are doing.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “You who are like my children, what is good is, we are not just saying that we value one other, but rather we are showing through what we are doing that this valuing of ours is true.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Listen, my children, only let it not come from your mouths that we love our fellowmen, rather let it be apparent that we truly love, let us help our fellowmen.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Yatzachi Zapotec: “My little children, we must not love our fellows just with words. We should not just say we love our fellows, but we must love them wholeheartedly and help our fellows.”
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “My dear children, let us not just talk about love, but let us really do it.”
  • Tzotzil: “My children, don’t let it be in vain we say that we love each other, don’t let’s lie. Let our work appear that we love each other really and truly.”
  • Garifuna: “My children. Let us love each other, not just that which is speaking nor just that which we say. Let us love one another genuinely, that which we show by means of what we do.” (Source for this and two above: John Beekman in Notes on Translation 12, November 1964, p. 1ff.)

complete verse (1 John 3:14)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 John 3:14:

  • Uma: “If we love our relatives, we know that we have been freed from death and we have received good life forever. People who don’t love their relatives, they have not yet been freed from death.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “We (incl.) know that now we (incl.) are no longer as if (figuratively) dead but we (incl.) really live. We (incl.) know this because we (incl.) love now our (incl.) fellow-men. The one who does not love, he is still as if figuratively dead.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “We (incl.) know that long ago what we were able to expect was death forever. And we know also that now we have life forever. The reason we know this is because our companions are now very dear in our breath. Anyone whose companions are not dear in his breath can still expect death forever.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Never-mind, because we know that we will not be separated from God as (we were) previously, but rather from now on we have life that has no end. We know that that is true, because we love our companions who believe. For the one who doesn’t love his fellow human-beings, it’s like he is still dead, because he is still separated from God.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “But it’s clear to us that as for us, we are no longer like dead in the sight of God, but rather we are now being given life which is without ending. We know this because we now really value our siblings in believing. As for the one who doesn’t yet value like this, it’s like he is still under the jurisdiction of death.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Before it seemed we lived, but it was like as though we were dead. Now we have met up with new life because we love our brethren. He who does not love his brethren seems to live yet it is like as though he were dead.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Yatzachi Zapotec: “Because we love our fellows therefore we know we are no longer with our head-hearts like a dead person as we were before. We have eternal life now. If we do not love our fellows then we are still like dead people with our head-hearts.”
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “We know that we have left the road of death, and we have taken the road of life. This we know because we love our siblings. He who has no love resides in the power (dominion) of death.”
  • Tzotzil: “Because we love the brethren, therefore we know that we have left behind that we die. We now belong to it, that we live forever. If we don’t love the brethren, it is because we still belong to it, that we die.”
  • Garifuna: “We are dead. Now we have come to possess life. We know it because we love our own kind ones (brethren). The one who does not love his own kind ones, he is still here (existing) in death.” (Source for this and three above: John Beekman in Notes on Translation 12, November 1964, p. 1ff.)

complete verse (1 John 3:10)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 John 3:10:

  • Uma: “This is a sign so that we know who are-children of God and who are-children of the King of Evil-ones. All people who do not do God’s will, they are not God’s children. So also people who do not love their relatives, they are not God’s children.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “This is the difference between the children of God and the children of Satan/demon: the one who does not do the straight or does not love his fellow-men, he is not a child of God.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “If there is a person whose behavior is not righteous, this is a sign that he is not a son of God. Neither is any person a son of God who does not love his companion. By means of this, we can perceive who the sons of God are and who are the subjects of Satan.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Our means-of-distinguishing the children of God and the children of the Diablo is this: the people who are not children of God, they are the ones who are not doing what is good and who are not loving their companions.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Herein we can recognize whoever are now children of God, and who are still children of Satanas. As for the one who doesn’t persevere in doing righteousness in the sight of God and does not value his sibling in believing, it’s certain that he is not a child of God.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Now it will be known who are the ones who are God’s children, and who are the devil’s children. Everyone who does not want to do good nor wants to love his fellowman is not God’s child.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Yatzachi Zapotec: “This shows who are the children of God and who are the children of the devil. Whoever of us if we do not walk straight (are not righteous) we are not the children of God. And whoever of us if we do not love our fellowman we are not the children of God.”
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “In this way we can know which are children of God and which are children of the devil. He who habitually doesn’t do good isn’t God’s child, neither is one who doesn’t love his sibling.”
  • Tzotzil: “Thus it appears if we are the children of God, or if we are the children of the devil. Because if what we do is evil, if we do not love the brethren, we are not God’s children for sure.”
  • Garifuna: “The one who is not level (righteous) is not God’s offspring, nor the one who does not love his own kind ones (brother). Thus it is that God’s offspring and the devil’s offspring are known.”
  • Sayula Popoluca: “We know God’s sons and the Devil’s man because whoever doesn’t do that which is true, and doesn’t love his brother is not God’s son.” (Source for this and four above: John Beekman in Notes on Translation 12, November 1964, p. 1ff.)

complete verse (1 John 2:15)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 John 2:15:

  • Uma: “Let’s not love this world, or any of its contents. Whoever loves this world, they don’t love God the Father.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Don’t feel-good/like-to-do doing the things most people in this world do and don’t feel-good-about/like the various things in this world. Whoever feels-good-about/likes these things, he does not love his Father God.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “It is necessary that the activities of the people here on the earth who are the enemies of God are not big in our (incl.) breath; it is also necessary that there is nothing here on the earth which is big in our breath. For if there is a person and what is big in his breath are those things, it is not possible that what is dear in his breath is our Father God.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “You shouldn’t love the behavior which is opposed to what God wants and that which is on this earth, because if you love these-things, you also have no love for God our Father.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “I urge you, no longer give preference to the ways of here under the heavens which are opposed to the will of God, or whatever here which is opposed to him. Because whoever still chooses-to-remain-committed-to these, it’s clear that he has no holding dear for this Father of ours.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Do not like the evil there is here in the world. He who likes the evil here in the world is the person who does not know how to love our Father.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Yatzachi Zapotec: “Do not you desire intensely to do like the evil head-hearted people do, and likewise do not you desire intensely the things you will have in this world. We know if we are desiring intensely to do like the evil head-hearted people are doing, we have not yet come to love our father God.”
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “Don’t like the world, neither the deeds of the world. If someone likes (loves) the world, he doesn’t esteem God.”
  • Tzotzil: “Don’t let it be that your hearts get taken up with what belongs to the world and what is here in the world. Because if our hearts are taken up with what belongs to the world, we don’t love our Father God.”
  • Garifuna: “Don’t you love the world’s character/conduct, nor any of the things which are in the world. If a person loves that which pertains to the world, he does not love (our) Father.” (Source for this and three above: John Beekman in Notes on Translation 12, November 1964, p. 1ff.)