Language-specific Insights

complete verse (1 John 4:5)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 John 4:5:

  • Uma: “Those lying prophets, they are from this world. That’s why their teaching appears from this evil world, and people who don’t believe in the Lord hear and receive their teaching.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “These people who pretend to be prophets just/simply belong to the world hep, therefore their teaching is about all-sorts-of-things in this world. And they are heard/listened-to by the people that belong to this world, the ones who do not follow/obey God.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “As for those people who are inspired by lying spirits, they are enemies of God, and what they teach transgresses God. And because of that, people here on the earth who are also enemies of God will listen to them.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “As for those who teach lies, they are following the customs/behavior that is opposed to what God likes, and what they are teaching, it harmonizes with that behavior of theirs, so those who don’t believe like to listen to them.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “As for these who are-falsely-claiming-to-be-prophets, they are companions of those who aren’t believers in Jesu-Cristo, therefore as for their words, they are indeed harmonious with the ways of those who aren’t believers. Well, those who are like them who aren’t believers, those are the ones who listen to them.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “The lying prophets walk with the people who live here on earth, therefore they speak of things here on earth. And the people who live here on earth approve of what these liars say.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Yatzachi Zapotec: “Those people who lie saying they speak God’s word, their heads are sitting (are concerned) only about what is happening on this earth. And therefore they speak words about what is happening on this earth, and other people who also are concerned only about what is happening on this earth heed them.”
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “And the deceiver prophets are servants of the world. And here in the world their word became visible (originated). So the world hears well what they say.”
  • Tzotzil: “Those who think they are saying God’s words, they are only of the world. Because they are only of the world therefore thus they talk. Their word is honored/respected by the people (unbelievers).” (Source for this and two above: John Beekman in Notes on Translation 12, November 1964, p. 1ff.)

complete verse (1 John 4:6)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 John 4:6:

  • Uma: “But we, relatives, we are-children of God. People who know God hear and receive our teaching. People who are not children of God don’t receive our teaching. That is a sign so that we know who is controlled by the Influence/Spirit that is true and who is controlled by the influence/spirit that deceives.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “But we (incl.) belong to God. Whoever knows God listens to us (incl.). Whoever does not belong to God does not listen to us (incl.). Like this we (dual) can know whether the teaching is from the Spirit of God or no.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “But as for us (incl.), by contrast, we belong to God, and because of that anyone who is a friend of God listens to our teaching. However, anyone who does not belong to God does not listen to our (incl.) teaching. By means of this we can tell who are the ones inspired by the Holy Spirit who teaches the truth and who is inspired by a lying spirit.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “But as for us, we are God’s children, so those who like to listen to what we are teaching, they are our companions who know God, but those who are not God’s children, they don’t-like to listen. That is one of the ways-we -know where what is being taught is coming from, whether it came-from the Holy Spirit who is the source of truth or Satanas who is the source of lies.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “But as for us, we are now in submission to God. And whoever knows/acknowledges God, that is who listens to us. The one who is not in submission to God, he doesn’t listen to us. Therein we will know the true word which comes from the Espiritu Santo and the lying word which comes from Satanas.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “But we are God’s people. He who is acquainted with God likes to hear the word we (excl.) teach the people. But he who is not acquainted with God does not want to hear the word we (excl.) teach the people. By this we can know which person speaks the true word, and which person does not speak the truth.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Yatzachi Zapotec: “We are God’s children. And the people who are acquainted with God heed us. The people who are not God’s children do not heed us. It happens thus so we know who has the Spirit of God in his head-heart, the one who speaks the truth, and who has in his head-heart the deceiver who speaks lies.”
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “But we are God’s children. Whoever knows God, hears well our word, but those who are not God’s children do not hear us well. In this way we know which are true and which are not true.”
  • Tzotzil: “We, we are the children of God. Therefore those who also know God, respect our words. Those who are not children of God do not respect our words. Thus we know those who truly tell God’s word. Thus we know also those who deceive.” (Source for this and two above: John Beekman in Notes on Translation 12, November 1964, p. 1ff.)

complete verse (1 John 4:7)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 John 4:7:

  • Uma: “Relatives whom I love! Let us love one another, because love appears from God. All people who love others, they are the ones who are-children of God and who know God.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “My beloved friends, we (incl.) should love each other because love is from God. Whoever really loves, he is a child of God and he knows God.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “My dear brothers, it is necessary that we (incl.) thoroughly show our love for each other, for love comes from God. Anyone who has great love for his companions, he is the one who has been made the child of God and the friend of God.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “My friends, we love-one-another because God is where love comes-from. So the one who loves his fellow, that one is the child of God who knows him.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “My dear ones, let us make sure that we value one another, because as for God, he is the source of this valuing. Well each one who values like this, it’s clear that he has as-it-were been given birth to by God and he now really knows him.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Listen, my dear brethren, it is necessary that each of us loves our fellow-believers. Because he who loves his fellowman does what God has determined. He who loves his fellowmen is God’s child. And such a one is an acquaintance of God.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Yatzachi Zapotec: “You whom I love, we must love our fellows each of us the other because God causes us who are his children to love our fellows. If we love our fellows we are God’s children and we are acquainted with him.”
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “Loved ones, come let us love one another. Because love comes from God. And he who loves his fellow-man is born anew by God, and knows God well.”
  • Tzotzil: “You that I love, let us love one another because it is on account of God that we take on the character of a lover. (love) If we take on the character of a lover it is because we have been born again in the presence of God for sure. We know God.” (Source for this and two above: John Beekman in Notes on Translation 12, November 1964, p. 1ff.)

complete verse (1 John 4:8)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 John 4:8:

  • Uma: “People who don’t love others, they do not yet know God, for God, he is loving.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “He who does not love does not know God, because God really loves hep.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Anyone who has no love for his companions, know nothing at all about the actions of God, for every act of God is His showing His love.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “But the one who has no love for his fellow, neither does he know God, for God is consistently-loving.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “But the one who doesn’t value like this, that one doesn’t yet know/acknowledge God, because God really is the one who is the source of this valuing.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “He who does not love his fellowman is not acquainted with God, because God loves all people.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Yatzachi Zapotec: “If we do not love our fellows we are not yet acquainted with God, because we do not do like God does. God loves mankind.”
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “But he who has no love, doesn’t know God, because God is love (lover).”
  • Tzotzil: “If we do not take on the character of a lover it is because we do not know God. Because God has the character of a lover (or God’s character is to habitually love).” (Source for this and two above: John Beekman in Notes on Translation 12, November 1964, p. 1ff.)

complete verse (1 John 4:9)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 John 4:9:

  • Uma: “Like this God showed/caused-to-appear his love to us: his only Child he ordered here to the earth, so that we could get life from that Child of his.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Like this God shows his love to us (dual): he sent to the world his only Son so that we (incl.) have life without end in heaven because of his Son.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “God sent here His only Son to the world so that by means of Him we might come to our life without end. That was His showing His love to us (incl.).” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “And the way he showed his love for us, he sent his only Child to this earth so that we would have a way to get/benefit-from the life that has no end on account of him.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Yes indeed, God has really shown the big-size of his valuing of us when he caused his one-and-only Son who is without equal to come down here to the world, to take the punishment for our sins, so that he could give us life which is without ending.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “It is apparent that God loves us because he sent his only Son here on earth so that we are able to encounter new life because of him.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Yatzachi Zapotec: “He sent his only son to this earth, he paid for our guilt in order that he gave us eternal life. Therefore we know that God loves us.”
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “God showed us real (good) love, in that he sent here to the world his only Son, so that we will find new life in his Son.”
  • Tzotzil: “God sent his Son here in the world. God only has one Son. He sent him in order that we live because of him. Thus God let us know that He loves us.” (Source for this and two above: John Beekman in Notes on Translation 12, November 1964, p. 1ff.)

complete verse (1 John 4:10)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 John 4:10:

  • Uma: “This is what is called love. It wasn’t us who first loved God. It was God [emphatic] who first loved us, to the point that he ordered his Child here to be our redeemer so that our sins could be forgiven.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “True love (is) not our (dual) love for God, but God’s love for us (dual). And because of his love to us (dual) he sent his Son to the world so that our (incl.) sins would be forgiven because of him.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “True love is not our (incl.) loving God, but rather it is His loving us (incl.) and His sending His Son here so that by means of His allowing Himself to be killed, our sins might be forgiven.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “This is the nature of love that has no lack/fault: it is not our love for God, but rather the love that God showed us when he sent his Child to undergo/pay-for the punishment of our sins so that they would be forgiven.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “This is true holding dear, not our holding dear of God, but rather his holding dear which has valuing of us. For he caused his Son to come here to us to be made a sacrifice, so that we might be forgiven for our sins.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “No matter how much we love God, we can never love as much as he loves us. God showed us that he loved us when he sent his Son to die in order to take care of our sins.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Yatzachi Zapotec: “We did not love God, he surprisingly loved us and he sent his son who died to pay for our guilt in order that we may be at peace with God.”
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “God showed us love that is true, because he sent here his Son who delivered-up himself to pay for our sins. And however much we love (think on) God, we can never love (think on) him as he thinks on us.”
  • Tzotzil: “See how it is God loves us (in). It is not because we first loved God. It was first he loved us. Therefore he sent his Son. He paid for our sins on the cross.”
  • Sayula Popoluca: “In this way we know that God loves us: it is not that we loved God, but that he loved us, and he sent his son to die for our sins so God would pity us.” (Source for this and three above: John Beekman in Notes on Translation 12, November 1964, p. 1ff.)

complete verse (1 John 4:11)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 John 4:11:

  • Uma: “Relatives whom I love! Since thus is the bigness of God’s love to us, that’s why we also must love one another.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “My beloved friends, if God’s love towards us (incl.) is great like this, na, then we (incl.) should also love each other.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “My beloved brothers, since God’s great love for us (incl.) was like that, it is necessary that the love of each one of us (incl.) for his companion is also very big.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “My friends, since that’s what God did to love us, we also, we should love-one-another.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “My dear ones, well since like this is the big-size of God’s valuing of us, it’s necessary that we too value one another.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Listen, my dear brethren, if God did thus because he loves us, it is necessary that each of us love our fellow-believers.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Yatzachi Zapotec: “You whom I love, as God loves us, the same way we must love our fellows each of us the other.”
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “Loved-ones, in this way God loved us, to the limit (until he couldn’t). It wants for us also to love one another.”
  • Tzotzil: “You that I love, because thus God loves us, therefore let us love one another also.” (Source for this and two above: John Beekman in Notes on Translation 12, November 1964, p. 1ff.)

complete verse (1 John 4:12)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 John 4:12:

  • Uma: “There has not yet been one person who has seen God. But even so, if we love one another, God remains in harmony with us, and it is truly evident/knowable in our behavior that we love God.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “There is no person who has seen God. But if we (incl.) love each other, God is here in our (incl.) livers. Our (incl.) love to God is also increasing and will finally be complete if we (incl.) steadfastly/continually love each other.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “There is no person who has even seen God, however, if we love each other, God lives here in us, and our love for God here in our breaths is drawn tight.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Because even though no person has seen God, but if we love-one-another, God remains in us and the love of God that has no lack/fault can be seen in our lives.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “From long ago, no-one has seen God. But if we now really value one another, it’s clear that this God is now really indwelling us, and he has now completed this valuing by us.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “No one has seen God. But when we love each other, then we walk with God. And it is true that we love God then.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Yatzachi Zapotec: “There is no one who has seen God. But if we are loving our fellows each of us the other, God is constantly with us and we are loving him as we ought.”
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “No person has seen God. But if we continually love one another, God resides in our hearts then, and we really love (look well) on God.”
  • Tzotzil: “Even if no one has seen God, if we love one another, he is there in our hearts. Thus more we love God really and truly.” (Source for this and two above: John Beekman in Notes on Translation 12, November 1964, p. 1ff.)