Language-specific Insights

complete verse (John 3:17)

Following are a number of back-translations of John 3:17:

  • Chol: “But God did not send his Son here to earth in order to cause the world to be punished; he sent him here in order that they might find their salvation from God’s Son.”
  • Yatzachi Zapotec: “God sent his Son to earth here not so that he would decide about humans that they are guilty, but rather so that he would save mankind out of evil.” (Source for this and above: M. Larson / B. Moore in Notes on Translation February 1970, p. 1-125.)
  • Uma: “It is not God’s purpose to send his Child here to the world in order to punish / condemn men. His intention in sending his Child here is in order to lift men from the punishment of their sins.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “God sent his Son to the world not to drop judgment on mankind but to take away their sins.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “As for God, he did not send me, his child, here to earth to punish mankind, but rather so that by means of me mankind might be set free.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Because God didn’t send his Child to this world to sentence/condemn people, but rather that they would be saved through him.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Because the reason why God caused his Son to come here was not that people be sentenced to punishement, but on the contrary so that he could free/save these people.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “God did not send his son here to earth in order to sentence the people. Rather he sent him here to earth that he save the people.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (John 3:18)

Following are a number of back-translations of John 3:18:

  • Chol: “He who believes will not have to pay for his sins. He who does not believe, he is already beginning to pay for his sins because he does not believe on the name of the only Son of God.”
  • Yatzachi Zapotec: “The person who trusts in the Son of God, it is already determined about him that he does not have guilt, but the person who does not trust in him it is determined about him that he does have guilt. . .” (Source for this and above: M. Larson / B. Moore in Notes on Translation February 1970, p. 1-125.)
  • Uma: “People who believe in the Child of God, they are not punished/condemned. But people who do not believe, it is clear that they will be punished/condemned by God, because they do not want to believe in that Only Child of God.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Whoever trusts in the Son of God will not be hit by the judgment of God. Those who do not trust, have already been hit by the judgment of God because they do not trust in Isa, the only Son of God.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Anyone who believes in me, he will not be punished by God, but those who do not believe in me, it is known beforehand that they will be punished. Because as for me, the only child of God, they have not believed in me.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Therefore those who believe in him, they will emphatically not be punished. But those who don’t believe, they have already been sentenced/condemned to be punished, because of-course they didn’t believe in the only Child of God.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “As many as will believe-in/obey and trust-in/rely-on him will really not be sentenced with a sentence of punishment. But those who don’t believe/obey, they have already been sentenced to be given punishment, because they are not believing-in/obeying this one-and-only Son of God.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “He who believes the Son of God will not be sentenced. But he who does not believe, already is sentenced because he does not believe in the only Son of God.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (John 3:19)

Following are a number of back-translations of John 3:19:

  • Uma: “He arrived in the world carrying light to all people. But people prefer darkness to light, because their behavior is evil. That is why God punishes/condemns them.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “This is the reason why they are hit by God’s judgment, because Isa has already come here to the world to enlighten the thoughts/minds of mankind but mankind does not want the light. They want the darkness because their doings are bad.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “The reason they will be punished is because when I, who am called the light came here in the world, they preferred darkness which is to say, transgression against God, rather than the light, because what they do is bad.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “This is the reason they were condemned. The light (silaw) which illuminates the minds of people came to this world, but they esteemed/valued the darkness more-than the light (mapat-a, as in daylight), because what they were doing was evil.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “They will be sentenced like this because he who is meant by the light came here to the world, but what people preferred was darkness, not this light/enlightenment, because of their continued doing of evil.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “And those who do not believe now will be sentenced because they do not believe in the Son of God who came here to earth. It is like a light reveals all things, in like manner he causes people to know they have sins. But the people do not look favorably upon one who says they have sin because they do evil.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (John 3:20)

Following are a number of back-translations of John 3:20:

  • Uma: “All people who do evil behavior hate the light. They do not want to come to the light so that their evil behavior will not be visible.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “All who do bad really hate the light and they do not come near the light because they don’t want their bad deeds to be seen.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “He who does bad, he does not want the light, and he does not come near to the light because he does not want that his bad deeds will be known.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Because those who are doing evil, they dislike/reject the light (silaw), and they don’t approach-it lest their sins be shown.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “The one who is doing evil, he really doesn’t like/want this light. He doesn’t want to come close because his activity which is evil will be made clear.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “All who do evil do not want it to be known. Therefore they do not look favorably on the Son of God, and do not want to go near to him.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (John 3:21)

Following are a number of back-translations of John 3:21:

  • Uma: “People whose behavior is straight arrive in the light, so that their behavior is visible and so that it is clear that they follow the will of God.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “But all who do the straight/righteous go into the light so that it is clearly seen that their doings are in accord with/follow the commands of God.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “However he who obeys the true doctrine (religious belief), he, by contrast, will come to the light. And the reason he will come to the light is so that it might be known that by means of the power of God, he was able to perform righteously.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “But those who follow the truth, they approach the light so that it will be clearly shown that God is the originating doer of the good they are doing.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “But the one who now lives in straightness/righteousness, there’s no longer anything holding him back from coming close to this light, so that his doing which is following/obeying the will of God may be apparent.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “But those who live good go near to where the Son of God is. Because they want it to be known that they do the will of God.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Yatzachi Zapotec: “It is not that way with the people who obey the true word of God. They permit it to shine in their hearts because they want to act in such a way that people will realize that God is helping them with whatever they do.” (Source: M. Larson / B. Moore in Notes on Translation February 1970, p. 1-125.)

complete verse (John 3:22)

Following are a number of back-translations of John 3:22:

  • Uma: “After that, Yesus and his disciples went to Yudea land. While they were there, they baptized, baptizing people who wanted to become his followers.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “After this Isa and his disciples went to the different places in Yahudiya. They were there for some time and bathed people there.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “After this, Jesus and his disciples went to the province of Judea, and they lived there for how many days/(several days) because Jesus was baptizing people.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Then Jesus and his disciples went to the province Judea and they stayed there baptizing.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Some days passed, then Jesus and his disciples went to the region of Judea. They were there for some time because they were baptizing.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Afterwards Jesus went to the land of Judea with his learners. There he stayed some days, and the people were baptized.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (John 3:23)

Following are a number of back-translations of John 3:23:

  • Uma: “At that time, Yohanes the Baptizer had not yet been imprisoned. He was baptizing in Ainon town, not far from Salim town, because there was much water there. Every day people went asking Yohanes to baptize them.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “At that time Yahiya had not yet been imprisoned. Yahiya also bathed people there at the place Anon for there was much water there. This place Anon is close to the place Salim. Many people went to him and were bathed by him.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Now as for John the Baptist, he was baptizing also, however he was baptizing in the village of Aenon near the village of Salim because there were many waters here. And the people went to him and they were baptized by him.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Juan also, he was baptizing at Enon which was near Salim, because there was much water there. The people were following-one-after-the-other to go to him to go get-baptized,” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “As for Juan, where he was baptizing was there at Enon which was near Salim because there was a lot of water there. The people were going to him to be baptized,” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “John also was baptizing in the land of Aenon, which was near the land of Salim because there was a lot of water there. People came there to be baptized.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (John 3:24)

Following are a number of back-translations of John 3:24:

  • Uma: “At that time, Yohanes the Baptizer had not yet been imprisoned. He was baptizing in Ainon town, not far from Salim town, because there was much water there. Every day people went asking Yohanes to baptize them.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “At that time Yahiya had not yet been imprisoned. Yahiya also bathed people there at the place Anon for there was much water there. This place Anon is close to the place Salim. Many people went to him and were bathed by him.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “(At that time John was not yet put in prison).” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “because Juan had not yet been-imprisoned.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “because at that time, Juan had not yet been imprisoned.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “John was not yet put in jail when this took place.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)