Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Acts 23:3)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 23:3:

  • Uma: “Paulus retorted: ‘May God slap you (sing.) as well [curse formula], you (sing.) are just good the outside! You (sing.) sit over there, wanting to decide my case according to the Law of Musa, yet you (sing.) yourself transgress that Law of Musa because you (sing.) ordered me slapped!'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Paul said to Ananiyas, ‘God will punish you. You are good only on the outside but your heart is evil. You are sitting there to judge me in accordance with the law but you are the one who does not follow the law in that you commanded me to be slapped,’ Paul said.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And Paul said to him, ‘As for you whose worship of God is a lie, surely God is going to punish you. Because according to the teaching of our law, you are sitting there to check up on me. However, you break that law because you commanded that they slap me.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Whereupon Pablo said to him, ‘You (sing.) pretend judge, in-the-future indeed (prophetic formula) God will also slap you (sing.)! Because you (sing.) are seated there to try me according to our law, but you (sing.) broke that law, because you (sing.) had-me -slapped.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “After being slapped, Pablo spoke. He said to Ananias, ‘It really will happen that you also are caused hurt, but God will be the one hurting you. You only make a pretence of your following/obeying him. For there you now are, sitting, supposedly to judge me according to the laws, but you now are the one breaking this law, for you ordered that my mouth be slapped.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 23:4)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 23:4:

  • Uma: “From there, the person next to Paulus said to him: ‘How dare you (sing.) speak against the Big Priest that God has chosen like that!'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Those standing near Paul said to him, ‘Do you revile the leader priest chosen by God?'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And then the people near Paul said, ‘Why are you insulting the high sacrificer whom God has chosen?'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Then the one(s) near Pablo said, ‘How-come you (sing.) are mocking the highest priest of God?'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “When Pablo had said that, those standing near said to him, ‘What kind of person are you that you speak harshly to the Most-important Priest of God?'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Lalana Chinantec: “A person who was close to Paul he said: ‘It is very ugly that you speak to the greatest priest of God.'” (Source: Viola Waterhouse in Notes on Translation August 1966, p. 86ff.)

complete verse (Acts 23:5)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 23:5:

  • Uma: “Paulus answered: ‘I didn’t know that he was the Big Priest. Yet there is indeed something written in the Holy Book that says: ‘Don’t speak harshly of the leader(s) of our village.’ ‘” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Paul answered, he said, ‘My brothers, I did not know that he is the leader priest. I know that it is written hep in the holy-book saying, ‘Do not speak evil of your leader.’ ‘” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And Paul answered, ‘I did not know that he was the high sacrificer because I know that the written word of God says that you should not insult the one who leads you.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Pablo said then in reply, ‘Brothers, had I known that he was the highest priest, I wouldn’t have shamed him, because there is admittedly something written in the word of God that says, ‘Do not (sing.) speak-evil-of the leader of your town/country.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Pablo replied, ‘Brethren, I didn’t know that he is apparently the Most-important Priest. If I had known, why would I have spoken like that since it is indeed contained in the writing, ‘Do not speak harshly to the one in authority who is ruling over you’?'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Teutila Cuicatec: “Paul said: ‘My brothers, it is written in God’s word: ‘Don’t speak angrily against the leader of your home town.’ But it didn’t enter my head that that man is the high priest.'” (Source: Viola Waterhouse in Notes on Translation August 1966, p. 86ff.)

For the Old Testament quotes, see Exodus 22:28.

complete verse (Acts 23:6)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 23:6:

  • Uma: “Paulus knew that those leaders, some of them followed the teaching of the Saduki people, and some followed the teaching of Parisi people. That is why he spoke loudly to them all, saying: ‘Relatives! I am a Parisi, and also a descendant of Parisi people. The reason I have come here to be judged now is because I believe [emphatic] that people who die will certainly live again.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “So-then, when Paul observed that some of the council members were Sadduseo and some were Pariseo, he spoke loudly, he said, ‘My brothers, I am a Pariseo, and my parents are Pariseo also. I am here being judged because I hope/expect that the dead will be made alive again.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Then Paul saw that some of the elders who were gathered there were Sadducees, and some of them were Pharisees, and so he raised his voice saying, ‘Brethren, I’m a Pharisee, and Pharisees also were my ancestors. The reason why I am brought before you today is because I believe that in the future God will raise the dead.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “When that was so, since Pablo knew that the leaders were divided, some being Saducees, some Pharisees, he raised (lit. made-strong) his voice saying, ‘My brothers, I am a Pharisee. My ancestors are also Pharisees. Therefore I expect that the dead will live again, and that is the reason for your trying me today.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Well, since Pablo was aware that as for those Jews who were members of the Sanedrin, one part was Saduceo, one part Pariseo, he said to them all, ‘My fellow-Jews, as for me, I also am a Pariseo. So were my ancestors. I am being interrogated today because I am sure that God will make alive those who have died.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 23:7)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 23:7:

  • Uma: “Hearing that, the Parisi the Saduki people [began to] argue with one another, with the result that they were no longer in agreement.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “After he said this, the Pariseo and the Sadduseo began to discuss/argue. That’s why the council members were now divided (in opinion).” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And when he said this the Sadducees and the Pharisees began to have a dispute and all of them were divided.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “When he said that, that was when-the Pharisees and Saducees -began to quarrel, because their minds were divided.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “When he had said that, the Pariseo and the Saduceo got into a fierce argument. Those people gathered there were now divided.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 23:8)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 23:8:

  • Uma: “Because according to the Saduki people, people who die do not live again, and there is no soul of mankind that lives on-and-on, and there are no angels. But the Parisi people [emphatic], they believe all that.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “(Because the Sadduseo, they say that the dead will not ko’ be made alive again and that there is no angel ko’ nor soul/spirit but the Pariseo they believe all of this.)” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “The reason they were disputing is because as for the Sadducees, they teach that the dead will not be raised. They say that there are no spirits that come from God and there are also no messengers which come from heaven. But as for the Pharisees, they believe that there will be a resurrection and that there are spirits and that there are messengers of God.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “(Because the Saducees, they say that the dead will not live again. They also say that there are no angels or human-spirits. But the Pharisees, they believe all those-things.)” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Because according to the perception of the Saduceo, there is no coming alive again, also none of what are referred to as angels, and neither is there a spirit in man. But as for the Pariseo, they believe there are all of these.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 23:9)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 23:9:

  • Uma: “Finally, their argument became festive/noisy. Several teachers of religion who were on the side of the Parisi people stood up and argued/answered, they said: ‘This person is not guilty / has no wrong. Perhaps there really was an angel or a ghost who spoke to him.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “So-then their shouting became strong and some teachers of the religious law from among the Pariseo stood and really argued. They said, ‘We (excl.) have not found any evil in this man. Perhaps there really was a spirit/soul or an angel that spoke to him.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Therefore their shouting at each other got louder and louder, and then the Pharisees who were teachers of the law stood up and said, ‘There is nothing bad that we know of that this man has done. Perhaps it’s true that there was a spirit or a messenger of God that has spoken to him!'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Therefore they excessively made-a-racket. Some of the Pharisees who were teachers of the law, they stood-up to insist-on their opinions (lit. thoughts), and they said saying, ‘We (excl.) know of absolutely no sin/crime of this-one. If an angel or other unseen-one has spoken-to him (appreciation/empathy particle), is it indeed-the-case that (RQ implying of course not) that is bad?'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “When it was now like that, their words became really loud for they were fighting/quarreling now. The explainers of law who were members of the Pariseo stood up. They said, ‘There is indeed nothing we can find to hold against this person. If supposing he truly was spoken to by an angel or someone else from heaven, of course it’s not a sin.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 23:10)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 23:10:

  • Uma: “From there, their arguing grew bigger-and-bigger, with the result that the head of the soldiers became afraid/nervous lest Paulus be torn apart. He ordered his soldiers to go get Paulus and take him back to the soldiers’ house.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Their arguing became even stronger therefore the colonel was afraid they might pull Paul apart. So he commanded his soldiers to go down and grab Paul from them and bring him back into the fort.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And then their dispute increased. Therefore the captain commanded the soldiers that they snatch Paul away from the people and return him to the fort. Because he was afraid that they might tear Paul apart.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “When that was so, they worsened their quarrelling until the commander was worried lest they tear-Pablo -apart in their mutual-snatching-at him. So he commanded that soldiers go to snatch Pablo from them to take-him to their barracks.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “When they were now fighting/quarreling like that, the highest-ranking-officer of soldiers became afraid, for maybe Pablo would be torn in pieces by that crowd. Therefore he sent down his soldiers and caused Pablo to be snatched from that crowd and then they took him inside their wall again.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)