Language-specific Insights

complete verse (1 John 2:1)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 John 2:1:

  • Uma: “My children, the reason I write this is so we won’t do sins. But if there is someone who commits sin, there is the one who acts-as-middle-man-for us before God the Father. He is Yesus Kristus the upright one.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “My children-grandchildren, I write this to you so that you don’t sin. But if there-is-someone who-does-sin, there is a go-between putting-us (dual)-right/reconciling us (dual) with our (dual) Father God. This go-between is Isa Almasi the straight/righteous one.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “As for you who are like my children, the reason I am writing to you is: so that your faith might be drawn tight and so that you might not sin. However, if there is anyone of us (incl.) who sins, we (incl.) have a datu who helps us before God our Father. Our datu is Jesus Christ who is very righteous.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “You who are my children, I have written this to you so you don’t sin. But if there is one of us who sins, there is (reassurance particle) Jesu Cristo who has absolutely no sin who speaks-with God the Father for us.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “You who are like my children, I am writing these things to you so that (emphatic) you no longer do sin. However, sometimes we do indeed happen-to-do-sin, but let us bear-in-mind that there is someone standing up for us there with God the Father. Jesu-Cristo, he being really righteous, he is this one who is standing up for us.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Listen, my children, I write you this word here in order that you will not commit sin. But if there be one who has the misfortune to commit sin, there is our spokesman there where the Father is. This one is Jesus Christ and he has no sin.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Yatzachi Zapotec: “My little children, these things I write you in order that you will not do evil. But if any of us should do evil, there is a person who speaks in favor of us before our father God, he is Jesus Christ the person who walks straight (is righteous).”
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “My dear children who are believers, I am writing this paper to you. I’m telling you not to do sin. But if a believer does sin, there is our Helper, who is Jesus Christ, the Good-person, he will speak to the Father about us when we sin.”
  • Tzotzil: “My children, I wrote thus to you in order that you not anymore sin. If there are those of you who have sinned, remember that Jesus Christ talks for us (on our behalf) before our Father God. He (Jesus Christ) has a straight heart.” (Source for this and two above: John Beekman in Notes on Translation 12, November 1964, p. 1ff.)

complete verse (1 John 2:2)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 John 2:2:

  • Uma: “And he is the one who died to become our redeemer / body substitute so that God [could] forgive our sins. And not only our sins alone did he redeem, but the sins of all mankind also.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “And Isa Almasi was made a sacrifice hep to make our (dual) sins be passed. And not just our (incl.) sins but up to/including the sin of all mankind was taken away/made past by Isa Almasi.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “He is the one who was sacrificed because of us (incl.) so that our sins might be removed. And it’s not just our sins which can be removed, but rather the sins also of the whole of mankind.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “And it is Cristo just the same who underwent/bore the punishment of our sins so that they can be forgiven, and not our sins only but rather the sins of all people.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Because as for this Jesus, he was made a sacrifice, so that he could-take-the-punishment for our sins. As for these sins for which he took the punishment, it wasn’t only ours, but rather for the sin of all people here under-the-heavens.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “This Jesus Christ died in order to take care of our sins, and not just ours, rather he died in order to take care of the sins of all the people living on earth.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Yatzachi Zapotec: “He died to pay for our guilt in order that we may be at peace with God. Not by reason of our guilt only did he die, but rather by reason of the guilt of all mankind.”
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “Because he delivered himself to pay for our sins. And not only our sins, but also all the sins here in the world, he paid for.”
  • Tzotzil: “He paid for our sins when he died on the cross. Not our sins alone he paid. He paid for the sins of all people also.”
  • Sayula Popoluca: “And he died for our sins so that God might pity us…” (Source for this and three above: John Beekman in Notes on Translation 12, November 1964, p. 1ff.)

complete verse (1 John 2:3)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 John 2:3:

  • Uma: “If we follow God’s commands, this is a sign so that we know that we really know him.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “We (incl.) are sure that we (dual) know God if we (incl.) follow/obey his commandments.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “We (incl.) know that God is our friend if we obey His commands to us.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “If we are obeying the commands of God, that’s how we definitely know that we know him.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “We are sure that we now know God, as long as we are obeying well what he has commanded.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “If we do what God commands, then we can know for sure that we know God.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Yatzachi Zapotec: “But if we do what he commands, we know that we now know him.”
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “If we really do his Word, we take for true that we know God.”
  • Tzotzil: “If we obey the commands of God, thus we know that we are his children.” (Source for this and two above: John Beekman in Notes on Translation 12, November 1964, p. 1ff.)

complete verse (1 John 2:4)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 John 2:4:

  • Uma: “The person who says: ‘I know [emphatic] God,’ yet he doesn’t follow his commands, he is lying and does not take-to-heart the true teaching.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “If there is a person saying that he knows God but he does not follow/obey his commands, that person is a liar and there is no truth in his liver.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “However, if there is someone who says, ‘I am now the friend of God,’ but that one who speaks does not obey the commands of God, he is a liar. He does not obey the true doctrine.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “So if someone says that he knows God while-at-the-same-time he is not following his commands, he is a liar and the true teaching is not in him.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “If there is someone who says, ‘I know him all right,’ but he isn’t obeying his commands, he’s only lying. He really has no knowledge at all of the truth.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “But whoever says, ‘I know God,’ he says, and he does not do what God commands, this is a person who lies, it is not true that he is an acquaintance of God.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Yatzachi Zapotec: “If we say that we know him, but we do not do what he commands, we are liars and do not walk with (speak) true words.”
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “One falsely says, ‘I know God,’ and he doesn’t do his Word, then he is lying. And the Word of God hasn’t entered his heart.”
  • Tzotzil: “If we say ‘I am a child of God,’ if we do not obey his commands, we are lying. We say it in vain.” (Source for this and two above: John Beekman in Notes on Translation 12, November 1964, p. 1ff.)

complete verse (1 John 2:5)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 John 2:5:

  • Uma: “People who follow God’s words, they are the ones who really love God. This is a sign so that we know that we are in harmony with God.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “But whoever follows the word/message of God, he is surely the one who loves God. Like this we (dual) can be sure that we (dual) are one with God.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “But if there is a person who obeys the commands of God, his holding God dear in his breath has been drawn tight. As for the person who says that he has a close relationship with God, it is necessary that his actions be righteous, just like the actions of Jesus were righteous. If this is what we (incl.) do, we know that we have been made one with God.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “But as for the one who is following the words of God, he is the one whose love for God has no lack/fault. If then there is one who says that he has-joined/been-added-to/belongs to God, he must follow-the-example of Jesu Cristo. And if we do that, that’s how we know for sure that it is true that we have been joined to God.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “But whoever is able-to-obey completely all the word of God, his holding God dear really is complete. Through this obeying of ours, we may be sure that as for us, we really are in harmony with God, holding fast to being united/tied-together with him.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “But he who does what God commands, this one truly is one who well knows how to love God. Thus it is apparent that he walks with God.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Yatzachi Zapotec: “But we know that we are joined together with God if we do what God says. And when we do just what he says truly we love God as we ought.”
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “But if one does the Word of God, God hasn’t loved him in vain, but it has turned out well what he has done for the person. Now I will tell you how we will know if we are really living with Christ.”
  • Tzotzil: “If we obey his word, we really and truly love God. Thus we know that we are in his presence, (belong to Him; are in Him).” (Source for this and two above: John Beekman in Notes on Translation 12, November 1964, p. 1ff.)

complete verse (1 John 2:6)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 John 2:6:

  • Uma: “People who say they remain in harmony with God, their behavior must be like Kristus’ behavior.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Whoever says that he is one with God his conduct should be like Isa Almasi’s conduct when he was here in the world.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “But if there is a person who obeys the commands of God, his holding God dear in his breath has been drawn tight. As for the person who says that he has a close relationship with God, it is necessary that his actions be righteous, just like the actions of Jesus were righteous. If this is what we (incl.) do, we know that we have been made one with God.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “But as for the one who is following the words of God, he is the one whose love for God has no lack/fault. If then there is one who says that he has-joined/been-added-to/belongs to God, he must follow-the-example of Jesu Cristo. And if we do that, that’s how we know for sure that it is true that we have been joined to God.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Therefore the one who says, ‘I am now holding fast to Jesu-Cristo, being really united/tied-together now with him,’ it’s necessary that he live his life like the way Jesu-Cristo lived, when he was still here under the heavens.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “He who says that he walks with God must necessarily live like Jesus Christ lived when he lived here.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Yatzachi Zapotec: “If we say that we are constantly present with Jesus Christ, we must do as Jesus Christ did.”
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “If one says he is living with Christ, he must walk like Christ walked.”
  • Tzotzil: “If we say ‘I am in the presence of God,’ then let us do like Jesus Christ did.” (Source for this and two above: John Beekman in Notes on Translation 12, November 1964, p. 1ff.)

complete verse (1 John 2:7)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 John 2:7:

  • Uma: “Relatives whom I love, the command I write to you here, it is not a new command. This command, it is a command you have long heard, one which you received from the first. This command, it is the news that says we [should] love one another.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Now, my beloved friends, the command I am writing you here is not new. Since you trusted in Isa Almasi, this command has really been there with you. This is hep the preaching that you have heard that you should love each other.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “My dear brothers, it is not a new commandment this which I command you, for it was given long ago. This was commanded to you when you first believed. This command is that same Word which was taught to us (incl.) that we (incl.) should hold anyone of our companions dear.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “My friends, it is not a new command that I make-known to you, for beginning-from your believing in Jesu Cristo, you have been hearing the command which says that we must love-one-another.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “You whom I hold dear, this isn’t at all a new command which I am writing to you, but rather it’s that indeed, that which was originally commanded you long ago. As for this original command which I am referring to, it’s this word which has been taught which you have already heard, that we value one another.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Listen, my dear brethren, this word that I write here in the letter and which I order you to do is not new. Rather this is what you were ordered to do when you believed the good news long ago.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Yatzachi Zapotec: “You brethren, I write you to tell you what Jesus Christ commands us to do. What he commands us to do is not a new command but rather an old command which you have known since you began to trust in Christ. What he commands us to do, that very thing is what you have heard since the beginning.”
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “My dear children, the Word that I am writing to you isn’t new, but it is the same word which we heard from the beginning a long time ago, that we love one another.”
  • Tzotzil: “My brethren, it is not a new command that I am writing to you. I am only writing to you the command that long ago you heard when you began to believe God’s word.” (Source for this and two above: John Beekman in Notes on Translation 12, November 1964, p. 1ff.)

complete verse (1 John 2:8)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 John 2:8:

  • Uma: “But even so, the command I write to you here is new. It is indeed true, this command is a new command. You know this from the Lord Yesus himself, and from your new behavior too. For the dark/night is already disappearing-more-and-more, and the true light has begun to shine.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “But it is also possible that we/one (dual) consider this my writing as a new command. This command was followed by Almasi and is also followed by you. The darkness is beginning to leave/go away, and the real light is shining.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And even though this is an old command, it’s as if Jesus just commanded it to us because the darkness is now being removed from the earth and we are already being illuminated by the true doctrine.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “But it is as if this command is new nonetheless, because its proper fulfillment was seen in what Cristo did and so also in your way of life today. Because the darkness is already leaving/going-away and the proper light is shining.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “But also, it’s like there is a new command which I am writing about this valuing. Because as for this valuing, it really came true in the life of Jesus. And you also, you are now making a habit of this valuing. Well since it’s now like that, what it’s like is, it’s as if the darkness which is sin is now disappearing. The true light/enlightenment which comes from God is now giving light in your minds/thinking.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “And now it is as though a new word I am ordering you to do, because truly it is taking away the darkness that covers the earth. Now, in that the word is going everywhere, it is as though a light were lighting things where the word goes. Jesus Christ really did what this word says, and now you also are doing what this word says.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Yatzachi Zapotec: “But this which he commands us to do, that we love one another, is also new because when we obey this commandment, it is true that we no longer walk in darkness but walk in the true light, just as Christ fulfilled this commandment and He did not walk in darkness but walked in the true light.”
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “But this word is as though it were new, because the true light is shining in our hearts. It removes the darkness. So truly we love our fellowmen as Christ showed us.”
  • Tzotzil: “It is like a new command because it is important. Because the darkness is going away, because is already shining the true sunlight. Jesus Christ showed that the command was good. You have shown it too.” (Source for this and two above: John Beekman in Notes on Translation 12, November 1964, p. 1ff.)