complete verse (Romans 5:13)

Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 5:13:

  • Uma: “Long ago, before there was the Lord’s Law that was delivered by Musa, all men were indeed sinful/sinning. But if there is no law given to mankind, they cannot be called into account over their sins.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “The law had not yet been given to Musa, beforehand already the people were sinning. But if there is no law, nobody can be accused of having broken the law.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Long time ago before God gave the Law, the behavior of people was already evil. But, since there was not yet any Law, God did not consider that he would punish them.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Even before God gave his law to Moses, people were sinning, but their sins were not counted as their breaking the law.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Concerning the people who lived before the law which Moses wrote was known, all committed sin. The people cannot say they didn’t know what good it was necessary for them to do.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

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