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Language: Indonesian
Standard Indonesian (ind) is a(n) Austronesian language of Indonesia, Netherlands, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, United States, marked as not endangered
The Greek that is often translated as “speaking with tongues” in English is translated as “speaking other different languages” in Teutila Cuicatec, “speaking in other people’s Chinantec” in Lalana Chinantec, as “talking in other languages” in Morelos Nahuatl, “speaking strange languages” in Eastern Highland Otomi. (Source: Viola Waterhouse in Notes on Translation August 1966, p. 86ff.)
In the IndonesianAlkitab Terjemahan Lama version (publ. 1958) it is translated as bahasa roh or “the language of the spirit,” “which leaves a strong impression that this is a mystical experience.” (Source: Ekaputra Tupamahu in: Journal for the Study of the New Testament 2018, 41/2, p. 223ff.)
In most Protestant Mandarin Chinese translations, the term fāngyán (方言) or “dialect / regional language” is used. The widely-used Catholic Sigao translation uses yǔyán 语言 (語言) or “language” instead. (See also W. Chong in Religions 2024, 15, p. 288ff. )
The Greek that is often translated as “slow of heart” in English is translated as “the heart is hard” in Zarma, “very heavy in heart” in Uab Meto, “blocked-hearted” in Indonesian, “lazy to think” in Tae’, “having a heart that delays” in Shona (translation of 1963), or “failing-heart-people” in Adamawa Fulfulde.
Many languages use a “body part tally system” where body parts function as numerals (see body part tally systems with a description). One such language is Kombai that uses a system that ends at the number 23 but can be extended. In cases where larger numbers need to be used, Indonesian loan words are used, otherwise traditional numbers are being used.
In Mark 8:19, where both “five” and “five thousand” is used, “five” is translated with ambalo-khu or “thumb/five” and “five thousand” is translated with the Indonesian loan word lima-ribu.
Source: Lourens de Vries in A survey of the history of Bible translation in Indonesia, Beekman Lecture 2013.
The Hebrew that is translated as “my spirit faints” in English is translated in Indonesian as “my heart faints” (Common Language Translation) (source: Daniel Arichea in The Bible Translator 1983, p. 209ff. )
The Hebrew that is translated as “his spirit was troubled” or similar in English is translated in Indonesian as “his heart was perplexed” (Alkitab Terjemahan Baru translation) (source: Daniel Arichea in The Bible Translator 1983, p. 209ff. )
The Hebrew that is translated as “made life bitter” or similar in English is translated in Indonesian as “made heart bitter” (Alkitab Terjemahan Baru translation) (source: Daniel Arichea in The Bible Translator 1983, p. 209ff. )
The Hebrew that is translated as “full of the spirit of wisdom” or similar in English is translated in Indonesian as “filled to overflowing with wisdom” (Common Language Translation) (source: Daniel Arichea in The Bible Translator 1983, p. 209ff. )
The Hebrew that is translated as “a man in whom is the spirit” or similar in English is translated in Indonesian as “an intelligent man” (Common Language Translation) (source: Daniel Arichea in The Bible Translator 1983, p. 209ff. )
