Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Genesis 32:17)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 32:17:

  • Newari: “He instructed the servant who would go first [lit.: before [them] all] — ‘Having met my elder brother Esau, if he asks you — ‘Whose man are you, Where are you about to go, To whom does the herd going before you belong'” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “He told the servants who were-watching- over the first/leading group, ‘If you (pl.) (and) Esau meet-each-other and he asks whose servants you (pl.) (are) and where you (pl.) (are) going, and [if] whose animals those (are) which you (pl.) are-bringing,” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “He said to the servant who was going with the first group, ‘When my brother Esau meets you, and he asks you, ‘To whom do you belong, and where are you going, and to whom do these animals in front of you belong?'” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 32:18)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 32:18:

  • Newari: “You answer like this — ‘This belongs to [lit., is of] your servant Jacob. All this is being sent as a gift for his master Esau. He is coming behind us.”” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “[you (pl.)] answer him that these (are) my animals and it (is) my gift to him. [You (pl.)] tell him also that I am-following.'” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “tell him, ‘They belong to your servant Jacob. He has sent them to you as a gift, sir. And he is coming behind us.”” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 32:19)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 32:19:

  • Newari: “He also instructed the second and third servant following him as well as all who went following the herds in exactly the same way — ‘When you meet Esau, you also say like that.'” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “The same-thing he also said to the second, to the third and to all the servants who were-following the animals.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “He also said the same thing to the servants who were taking care of the second and third groups, and to the other herdsmen. He said to them, ‘When you meet Esau, I want you to say to him the same thing that I told the first servant.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 32:20)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 32:20:

  • Kankanaey: “… and he caused-them-to-go-ahead with some of his slaves, because he figured that that would be his means-of-appeasing him so-that hopefully he would forgive him upon their meeting.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “If you speak like this, don’t forget to say — ‘Your servant Jacob is coming beind us.”” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “And he really warned them not to forget to tell Esau that he was-following-behind. For Jacob said in his mind/[lit. thinking], ‘I will-pacify Esau with these gifts which I am-going-to-send-ahead. And when we (excl.) will-meet-each-other maybe he will-forgive me.'” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “And be sure to say ‘Jacob, who wants to serve you, is coming behind us.” Jacob told them to say that because he was thinking, ‘Perhaps these gifts that I am sending ahead of me will cause him to act peacefully toward/stop being angry with me. Then later, when I see him, perhaps he will be kind to me.'” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 32:21)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 32:21:

  • Newari: “In this way Jacob’s gifts went on ahead [lit.: went first]. He himself, however, stayed in the tent that night.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “So he sent-ahead the gifts, but he on-the-other-hand remained that night there at their dwelling-place.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “So the men taking the gifts went ahead, but Jacob himself stayed in the camp that night.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 32:22)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 32:22:

  • Kankanaey: “When it was not yet light on that night (i.e., before morning), Jacob got-up and called his two spouses and his two female slaves and his ten and one children so-that he would have- them -cross-over that river.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “That night, Jacob got up, took along his two wives, two maid servants, and eleven sons, and crossed the Jabbok River.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “That night, Jacob got-up and he brought his two wives, his two female servants and his eleven children, and they crossed-over the River of Jabok.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Some time during that night, Jacob got up and took his two wives, his two female slaves, and his eleven sons and his daughter, and he sent them across the ford at the Jabbok River.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 32:23)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 32:23:

  • Kankanaey: “Then he also had-cross-over all his remaining possessions” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “After they had crossed the river, he also sent all the cattle he had brought.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Jacob also had- all of his possessions -cross-over.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “After he had done that, he sent other slaves, carrying all his possessions, across the river.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 32:24)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 32:24:

  • Kankanaey: “and he was left-behind alone. When that was so, there-was right-then a man who arrived who wrestled-with him until it was almost light.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “In this way Jacob was alone. At that time a person came and was wrestling with him until morning.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Now, when he was-alone/[lit. was-only-one], there came a man and (he) wrestled him. They wrestled-each-other until (it) became-morning.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “So Jacob was left there alone. But a man came and wrestled with him until dawn.” (Source: Translation for Translators)