Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Genesis 43:31)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 43:31:

  • Kankanaey: “Then he washed-his-face and returned to the location of his siblings holding-back his cry. He said to the slave(s), ‘We (excl.) will eat now.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Having washed [his] face [he] came out from that room. Then controlling himself he said — ‘Bring [the food] to eat.'” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Afterwards, he washed- his -face and returned there to them with control of his feelings. Then he commanded/ordered the food to- now -be-prepared.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Then, after he washed the tears from his face, he came out, and controlling his emotions, he said to the servants, ‘Serve the food!'” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 43:32)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 43:32:

  • Kankanaey: “And-so they set-out-(plates) what was to be set-before them (food). Jose was alone at one table and his siblings for-their-part at another (lit. one). There were also ones-from-Egipto who were set-apart at another table, because those-from-Egipto consider-it-taboo/improper to eat-with Hebreo.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Joseph, his brothers, and those Egyptians who came there to the feast were fed separately. For Egyptians do not eat sitting together with Hebrews. Egyptians think that if they eat sitting with Hebrews they will be defiled.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “The place- (which) Jose -ate-from (was) different, the place- (which) his siblings/(brothers) -ate-from (was) also different, and also different (which) the [plural] Egiptohanon who also lunched there. For the [plural] Egiptohanon do- not -eat with Hebrew, because that (is) detestable for them.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “The people of Egypt considered that it was disgraceful for them to eat with Hebrews, so the servants served food to Joseph by himself, and served the other people of Egypt who ate with him by themselves, and they served Joseph’s older brothers and younger brother by themselves.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 43:33)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 43:33:

  • Kankanaey: “When then the siblings saw how they were caused-to-be-seated, they stared-at-each-other amazed, because they were put-in-line starting from the oldest until the last/youngest.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Joseph seated [them], lining them up from the eldest to the youngest. Seeing this, they looked at one another in amazement.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “There in front of Jose was the place-of-eating of his siblings/(brothers). His siblings/(brothers) were looking-at-each-other for they were-astonished that in order from the oldest-one to the youngest-one (was) how they had-been-seated.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “His brothers were astonished to see that their seats were arranged according to their ages, from the oldest to the youngest!” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 43:34)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 43:34:

  • Kankanaey: “They were also given chosen food that came-from Jose’s table, and five-times-more is what was given to Benjamin than to the others of them. And they ate-with and drank-with Jose until they were thoroughly-full.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “The feast was served to them from Joseph’s share. Benjamin’s share was five times as big as their shares. In this way, rejoicing with Joseph, they ate and drank.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “They were served food from before/front-of Jose but the food given to Benjamin was five times more than the others. They ate and drank with Jose.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “And when their portions of food were served to them from Joseph’s table, Benjamin’s portion was five times as much as anyone else’s portion! So they ate food and drank wine with Joseph and became very cheerful.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 44:1)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 44:1:

  • Kankanaey: “When that was so, Jose ordered the slave who was in-charge-of his house and he said, ‘Fill their sacks with food and put-on-top the money of each one in his sack.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Joseph gave an order to the chief of the workers in his house — ‘In all their sacks put as much grain as they can take, then in the mouths of all [their] sacks put their silver.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Now, Jose commanded the steward of his house. He said, ‘Fill with food the sacks of the siblings/(brothers) according-to (what) they can-carry, and put the money which they paid in their sacks.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “When his brothers were ready to return home, Joseph said to the man who was in charge of things in his house, ‘Fill the sacks of those men with as much grain as they can carry on their donkeys. And put in the top of each man’s sack the silver that he paid for the grain.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 44:2)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 44:2:

  • Kankanaey: “Also join-in-placing-on-top my silver cup in the sack of the last/youngest.’ And he obeyed/fulfilled that.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “In the sack of the youngest one, with his money [lit.: silver], put my silver cup.’ They did like Joseph said.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Then put my silver cup in the sack of the youngest-one with the money that he paid for the food.’ The steward did what Jose told (him).” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Then put my silver cup in the top of the youngest brother’s sack, along with the silver that he paid for the grain.’ So the servant did what Joseph told him to do.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 44:3)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 44:3:

  • Kankanaey: “When it was then light (i.e., next day), the slave saw- the siblings -off (lit. caused-to-set-out) early, and they all left, including their donkeys.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Early in the morning they were sent on their way with their donkeys.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Very early-in-the-morning the next day, the siblings/(brothers) were-sent-away with their donkeys.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “The next morning at dawn the men started on the way home with their donkeys.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 44:4)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 44:4:

  • Kankanaey: “When they had only gone-slightly-far from the city, Jose said to that slave of his, ‘Go pursue those people. When you catch-up-to them, this is what you (sing.) are to say. ‘Why have you recompensed the good that my master did to you with evil?” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “As soon as passed a little from the city, Joseph said to the chief of the workers in the house — ‘Go, run and meet them. Having met them, speak like this — ‘Why have you done evil in exchange for good?” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “They had- not yet -gone- very -far from the city when Jose said to his steward, ‘Quick, pursue those men! And if/when you (pl.) catch-up with them, tell them, ‘Why have- you (pl.) -repaid bad for the goodness we (excl.) have-shown to you (pl.)?” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “When they had not gone far from the city, Joseph said to the servant in charge of things in his house, ‘Pursue those men immediately. When you catch up to them, say to them, ‘We did good things for you! Why have you paid us back by doing something bad to us?” (Source: Translation for Translators)