Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Genesis 44:13)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 44:13:

  • Kankanaey: “The siblings abruptly-tore their clothes because-of their sorrow/pain of thoughts. Then they again loaded the sacks on their donkeys and they returned to the city.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Seeing this they tore their clothing. And loading the sacks on the donkeys, [they] came back into the city.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “When the siblings/(brothers) saw it, they tore their clothes due-to their bad feelings. Then they loaded again their sacks on the donkeys and returned to the city.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “The brothers tore their clothes because they were so dismayed. They loaded the sacks on the donkeys again and returned to the city.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 44:14)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 44:14:

  • Kankanaey: “When Juda and his companions returned to Jose’s house, he was still there, and they bowed-face-down to him.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “When Judah and his brothers came, Joseph was at home. They came and lay prostrate on the ground before him.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “When Juda and his siblings/(brothers) arrived in Egipto, Jose (was) still-as-usual there in his house. They entered the house and knelt-down before Jose.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “When Judah and his older and younger brothers entered Joseph’s house, Joseph was still there. The servant told Joseph what had happened. Then the brothers threw themselves down on the ground in front of Joseph.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 44:15)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 44:15:

  • Kankanaey: “Then he right-away said, ‘Why did you do that? You ought to have known of-course that the one whose position is high like me, it is possible for him to divine who was the one-who-stole.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Joseph said to them — ‘What is this [that] you have done? Do you not know that I am able to find out [what is] true [or] not true?” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Jose said to them, ‘What (is) this you (pl.) have-done? Do you (pl.) not know that I know how-to-guess/predict/divine? Therefore you really can- not -hide-anything from me.'” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “He said to them, ‘Why did you do this? Do you not know that a man like me can find out things that nobody knows?'” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 44:16)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 44:16:

  • Kankanaey: “Juda answered and said, ‘What will we (excl.) answer perhaps? How perhaps can we (excl.) show that we (excl.) have no crime/sin? Because it is God just the same who is showing (lit. causing-to-be-seen) that we (excl.) had an occasion-of-sinning (i.e., we sinned) previously. We (excl.) might-as-well all become your (sing.) slaves, not only the-one-where- you -found the cup.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Judah said — ‘What shall we say, Lord! How will we show that we are innocent? God has shown that we are sinners. Now we have all become your servants, above all, the one who has the cup.'” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Juda said, ‘Sir, we (excl.) have nothing to reason-out with you (sing.), and we (excl.) can- not -say that we (excl.) have no sin. God is the-(one-who) has-revealed our (excl.) sin. Now, all of us (excl.) (are) now your (sing.) slaves — we (excl.) and the one whom the cup was-found with-him.'” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Judah replied, ‘Sir, what can we say? How can we prove that we are innocent/did not steal the cup? God has paid us back/punished us for the sins we committed many years ago. So now we will become your slaves—both we and the one in whose sack the cup was found.'” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 44:17)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 44:17:

  • Kankanaey: “Jose said then, ‘No absolutely not! Is that indeed what I would do? Only the one who took the cup will be my slave. As for the others by-contrast, nothing will happen to them. You can go-home to your father.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Joseph said — ‘From me, such things will not happen. The one with whom the cup was found, only he will become my servant. You all go back to your father’s place.'” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “But Jose said, ‘I can- not -do that. He alone whom the cup was-found with-him will-become my slave. And you (pl.) can-go-home now to your (pl.) father without hindrance.'” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “But Joseph replied, ‘No, I could never do anything like that. Only the man in whose sack the cup was found will become my slave. The rest of you can return to your father peacefully.'” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 44:18)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 44:18:

  • Kankanaey: “Upon his hearing that, Juda approached Jose and said, ‘Oh sir, you (sing.) who are very-much-like the king, please permit that I tell what is in my mind. Please don’t be-getting-angry-at-me.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Judah went before him and said — Lord, You are like the King. I will say something, don’t be angry with me.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Juda came-near to Jose and said, ‘I am-pleading with you (sing.), sir, that if possible listen to me. Hopefully [you (sing.)] do- not -be-angry with me, you (sing.) who are now like a king of Egipto.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Then Judah came near to Joseph and said, ‘Sir, please let me say something to you. You are equal to the king himself, so you could command that I be executed; but do not be angry with me for speaking to you.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 44:19)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 44:19:

  • Newari: “[My] Lord asked us like this — ‘Do you have a father and a younger brother?'” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “You (sing.) asked us (excl.) before if we (excl.) still have a father and sibling/(brother),” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “You asked us, ‘Is your father still living, and do you have another brother?'” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 44:20)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 44:20:

  • Newari: “We gave answer like this — ‘Our father is an old man. And after he had become an old man, our youngest brother was born. His older brother has already died. And he is the only one left from his mother. His father loves him very much.'” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “and we (excl.) answered you (sing.) that we (excl.) have a father who is now old and there is a youngest sibling/(brother) born in his old-age. We (excl.) also said that his sibling/(brother) (is) now dead and he (is) the only one left of the children of his mother, and he (is) very beloved of our father.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “We answered, ‘Our father is alive, but he is an old man. He has a young son who was born after our father became an old man. That son had an older brother, who is now dead. So the youngest son is the only one of his mother’s sons who is still alive, and his father loves him very much.'” (Source: Translation for Translators)