Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Genesis 13:18)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 13:18:

  • Kankanaey: “And after-that plural Abram left there and changed-residence to Hebron which was close to the feared trees belonging-to Mamre. And that’s where-he-made another altar where-he-would-offer animals to God.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Abram moved his tent and stayed in Hebron towards the place where the trees from Mamre had been planted. There he built an altar for the LORD.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “So Abram moved his tent, and there he stayed near the big trees of Mamre there at Hebron, and he made an altar there for the LORD.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “So Abram and his men took down their tents and moved to Hebron and started to live by the huge trees at the town*of Mamre. He placed a stone altar there to make sacrifices to Yahweh.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 14:1)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 14:1:

  • Newari: “At this time Amraphel King of Assyria, Arioch King of Ellsar, Kedorlaomer King of Elam and Tidal King of Goiim” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “At that time, King Amrafel of Shinar, King Arioc of Elasar, King Kedorlaomer of Elam, and King Tidal of Goyim” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “In a region to the east, there were four kings who were friends/allies. They were King Amraphel of Babylonia, King Arioch of Ellasar, King Chedorlaomer of Elam, and King Tidal of Goiim.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 14:2)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 14:2:

  • Newari: “attacked Bera King of Sodom, Birsha King of Gomorrah, Shinab King of Admah, Shemeber King of Zeboiim, and the King of Bela (later [called] Zoar).” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “fought against King Bera of Sodom, King Birsha of Gomora, King Shinab of Adma, King Shemeber of Zeboyim, and the king of Bela who is also called Zoar.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “In an area to the west, there were five other kings. They were King Bera of Sodom, King Birsha of Gomorrah, King Shinab of Admah, King Shemeber of Zeboiim, and the king of Bela, the city that is now called Zoar.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 14:3)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 14:3:

  • Newari: “For twelve years the kings of Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah, Zeboiim and Bela had been oppressed by King Kedorlaomer. Rebelling in the 13th year, five [of them] gathered on the banks of the Siddim River (nowdays this place is the Dead Sea).” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “These five kings gathered with their soldiers there at the Valley/Plain of Sidim which is now called the Dead Sea.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Those five kings and their armies gathered together in Siddim Valley, which is also called the Dead Sea Valley, to fight against the four kings and their armies. King Chedorlaomer and his army conquered the armies of those five kings, and demanded that those kings pay him tribute money each year.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 14:4)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 14:4:

  • Newari: “For twelve years the kings of Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah, Zeboiim and Bela had been oppressed by King Kedorlaomer. Rebelling in the 13th year, five [of them] gathered on the banks of the Siddim River (nowdays this place is the Dead Sea).” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “These kings had-been-subject-to/under-the-jurisdiction-of Kedorlaomer for [lit. inside of] 12 years, but on the 13th year they rebelled against him.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “For twelve years he ruled them. But during the thirteenth year they rebelled and refused to keep giving him tribute money.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 14:5)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 14:5:

  • Newari: “One year later Kedorlaomer and the kings who were with him, took control of the Rephaites of Ashteroth Karnaim, the Zuzites of Ham, the Emites of Shaveh-kiriathaim and and the Horites from Mt Seir to the wilderness of El-paran.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “And on the 14th year, Kedorlaomer and his allied kings defeated the Refaimnon in Ashterot Karnaim, the Zuzhanon in Ham, the Emhanon in the valley of Kiriataim,” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “The next year, King Chedorlaomer and the other kings that were his allies took their armies and defeated the Repha people-group in Ashteroth-Karnaim and the Zuz people-group in Ham, and the Emi people-group in Shaveh-Kiriathaim.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 14:6)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 14:6:

  • Newari: “One year later Kedorlaomer and the kings who were with him, took control of the Rephaites of Ashteroth Karnaim, the Zuzites of Ham, the Emites of Shaveh-kiriathaim and and the Horites from Mt Seir to the wilderness of El-paran.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “and the Horhanon at the mountain of Seir until El Paran near the/a desolate-place.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “They also defeated the Hor people-group in the hilly area of Seir as far as El-Paran near the desert.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 14:7)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 14:7:

  • Newari: “After that they came back. Then having gone to En-mishpat (later [known as] Kadesh) they took control of all the land of the Amalekites as well as all [the land of] the Amorites of Hazazon-tamar.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “From there, they returned and reached En Mishpat which is now called Kadesh. And they conquered all the lands of the Amaleknon and of the Amornon who were-living in Hazazon Tamar.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Then they turned back and went to Mishpat city, which is now called Kadesh. They conquered all the land belonging to the Amalek people-group and the Amor people-group who were living in Hazazon-Tamar town.” (Source: Translation for Translators)