Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Genesis 16:11)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 16:11:

  • Kankanaey: “A male is whom you (sing.) will-give-birth-to and you (sing.) will name (him) Ismael, because God has esteemed (i.e., answered) your (sing.) prayer in pleading-for-mercy.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “He said — ‘You are now pregnant. You will give birth to a son. And his name will be Ishmael. For the LORD has heard your weeping.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “You are pregnant, and in a short-time/[lit. in not long] you will-give-birth to a son. You will-name him Ishmael, for the LORD has-listened to your calling to him because-of your suffering.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “The angel also said to her, ‘Listen to this! You are pregnant. You will give birth to a son. You must name him Ishmael, which means ‘God hears’, because Yahweh has heard you crying because you feel so miserable.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 16:12)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 16:12:

  • Kankanaey: “But that-aforementioned-one that you (sing.) will-give-birth-to, he will be like a wild donkey. All people will be his enemies (this expression focuses on his attitude to them), and all people they will also quarrel/fight-with (same root as enemy) him. Even also his siblings/close-relatives, he will consider/count them as enemies.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “He will be like a wild donkey among men. He oppose everyone. And everyone will oppose him. He will live separated from all his kin.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “But your child will-live like a wild donkey. He will-oppose everyone, and everyone will-oppose him. Even his relatives he will-oppose.'” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “But your son will be as uncontrollable as a wild donkey. He will oppose everyone, and everyone will oppose him. He will live far away from his relatives.'” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 16:13)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 16:13:

  • Kankanaey: “Right then there-was a name-which- Hagar -caused-to-be-given to God who was her conversation-partner. She said, ‘You (sing.) are the God who is Able-to-see,’ because she said in her thoughts, ‘I have seen God who sees-me but here-now I am still living.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Hagar said — ‘Surely, I have seen the LORD.’ And even though I have seen him, I am still alive.’ And she gave the LORD a name like this — ‘The LORD who sees me.'” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Hagar called the LORD who spoke to her ‘God who Can-See,’ for she said, ‘Have I seen God who can-see me and still I am alive?'” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Then Hagar realized that the angel was really Yahweh, so she said to herself, ‘It is difficult to believe that I have really seen the back of Yahweh, the one who sees me!/Have I really seen the back of Yahweh, the one who sees me?’ So she called him ‘Yahweh, the one who sees me’.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 16:14)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 16:14:

  • Kankanaey: “That is the reason that-aforementioned spring in the area-between Kades and Bered is named Beer-lahai or Spring of the Living-One who Sees-me.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “So the people named the spring located between Kadesh and Bered, Beer-lahai-roi.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “That is why the spring there between Kadesh and Bered was-called Beer-Lahai-Roi.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “That is why people call the well there ‘Beer-Lahai-Roi’, which means, ‘The well of the living one who sees us’! It is still there, between Kadesh and Bered.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 16:15)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 16:15:

  • Kankanaey: “When she gave-birth then, (it-was) a male, and Abram named (him) Ismael.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Hagar gave birth to a son. Abram named his son, which he had by Hagar, Ishmael.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Hagar returned to Sarai, and later-on she gave-birth to a son. Abram named the child Ishmael.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “So Hagar later gave birth to a son for Abram, and she gave to her son the name Ishmael.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 16:16)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 16:16:

  • Kankanaey: “Eighty and six were the years of Abram when- Hagar -gave-birth to that-aforementioned child of hers/his.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “At that time Abram was eighty-six (86) years old.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “The age of Abram was 86 years when Ishmael was born.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Abram was eighty-six years old when Hagar gave birth to Abram’s son Ishmael.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 17:1)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 17:1:

  • Kankanaey: “When Abram yeared ninety and nine, God appeared again to him and said, ‘I am the All-Powerful God. Obey me continually so-that there will be no lack/fault in your (sing.) character/behavior.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “When Abram was 99 years old, the LORD came and appeared to Abram. And He said to him — I am God Almighty. Do as I say and be blameless [lit.: without fault].” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “When the age of Abram was 99 years, the LORD appeared to him and said, ‘I am the God Almighty. Always obey me and live righteously.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “When Abram was 99 years old, Yahweh appeared to him again and said to him, ‘I am God Almighty. I want you to live in a way that I will regard you as someone that cannot be criticized.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 17:2)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 17:2:

  • Kankanaey: “Because I will cause-to-be-true what I promised you (sing.) that I will-cause-to-become-many your (sing.) descendants.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “I will make a covenant with you. I will make your descendants so many that it will not be possible to count [them].'” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “I will-fulfill my agreement with you; I will- greatly -increase your descendants.'” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “If you do that, I will make an agreement with you in which I will promise to enable you to have very many descendants.'” (Source: Translation for Translators)