Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Genesis 18:9)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 18:9:

  • Kankanaey: “When they had eaten then, they said to Abraham, ‘Where is Sara your-spouse?’ ‘There in the tent (slight emphasis particle),’ he said.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “They asked — ‘Where is your wife Sarah?'” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Now, the visitors asked Abraham, ‘Where is Sara your wife?’ He answered, ‘There inside the tent.'” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “One of them asked him, ‘Where is Sarah, your wife?’ He replied, ‘She is in the tent.'” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 18:10)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 18:10:

  • Kankanaey: “Then one of them who was God said [identity of God made explicit from v. 22], ‘When nine months go (by), I will show my power to you (pl.), and that’s when- your (sing.) spouse -will-give-girth to a male child of yours (pl.).’ During his-saying that, why there was Sara behind him at the doorway of the tent listening.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Then the LORD said — ‘One year from now [lit.: later] at this time I will come back here. By that time your wife Sarah will already have a child.’ Sarah was listening, sitting behind him in the door of the tent.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “One of the visitors said, ‘Surely I will-return here next year about this time also, and your wife Sara will- now -have a son.’ Sara actually/(surprise particle) was-listening there at the door-way/entrance of the tent just behind Abraham.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Then the leader of the group said, ‘I will return to you about this time/in the springtime next year, and to your amazement, your wife Sarah will have an infant son.’ It happened that Sarah was listening at the entrance of the tent, which was behind the one who was speaking.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 18:11)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 18:11:

  • Kankanaey: “As for Abraham and Sara, now they were already old-man and old-woman, and Sara, she was already not able to give-birth.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Abraham and Sarah were already very old people. Sarah’s time for bearing children had already passed.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “(The two of them [(she and) Abraham] were now very old and in-fact the monthly-period of Sara had ceased already.)” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Abraham and Sarah were very old, and Sarah was far past the time of when she could bear children.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 18:12)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 18:12:

  • Kankanaey: “So she laughed in her mind saying, ‘Is it indeed-the-case that (RQ implying of course not) it-will-be-possible for me to experience the happiness of giving-birth? Because I already an old-woman for-sure, and my spouse is also an old-man.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “So Sarah laughed in [her] heart and thought — ‘I have already become an old woman, and my husband has also become an old man. Will I now still be able to have this pleasure?'” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Sara laughed at herself and thought, ‘In my old age do I perhaps still have-a-desire to-sleep with my husband who is also old so-that we (excl.) can-have-a-child?'” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “So Sarah laughed to herself, thinking, ‘My body is worn out, and my husband is old. So how can I have the pleasure of having a child?'” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 18:13)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 18:13:

  • Kankanaey: “Whereupon God said to Abraham, ‘Why did your (sing.) spouse laugh? Why did she say in her mind that it-would- not -be-possible to give-birth because she was already an-old-woman?” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Then the LORD said to Abraham — ‘Why did Sarah laugh, saying, ‘Am I about to have a child even after having become an old woman like this?’ ‘” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Then the LORD asked Abraham, ‘Why did Sarah laugh and say, ‘Can- I still -give-birth when I am already old?'” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Yahweh said to Abraham, ‘Why did Sarah laugh? Why was she thinking, ‘I am too old, so how can I bear a child?'” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 18:14)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 18:14:

  • Kankanaey: “Is it indeed-the-case that (RQ implying of course not) there is something I am not capable to do? It is true indeed what said that I will show my power to you when nine months go (by), and that is when- Sara -will-give-birth to a male child of yours.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “What is there that is difficult for the LORD? Next year I will come back to you at the time that I said. By that time Sarah will already have a son.'” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Is there a thing that the LORD can- not -do? Just-as I said, I will-return here next year about this time also and Sara will-have a son already.'” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “I am Yahweh! Is there anything too difficult for me?/There is nothing too difficult for me! I will return about this time next year in the springtime, and Sarah will have an infant son.'” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 18:15)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 18:15:

  • Kankanaey: “Whereupon Sara denied it because she was-afraid (empathy particle), and she said, ‘No really, I didn’t laugh.’ ‘You (sing.) certainly-did laugh,’ said God in reply.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Sarah was afraid, and she said — ‘No, I did not laugh.'” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Sara was-afraid, therefore she lied. She said, ‘I did- not -laugh!’ But the LORD said, ‘You surely did-laugh.'” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Then Sarah was afraid, so she lied and said, ‘I did not laugh.’ But Yahweh said, ‘Don’t deny it! You did laugh.'” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 18:16)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 18:16:

  • Kankanaey: “When the three visitors left, they headed-for Sodoma, and Abraham went-along to escort them. When they were-looking-down then at Sodoma,” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “The guests got up to go. Then, looking toward Sodom, they went. Abraham also went to see them off on their way.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Afterwards the three men/males walked-away. Abraham took/brought them up-to the place which/where they could-see down-below the city of Sodom.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “When the three men got up to leave, they looked down into the valley toward Sodom city. Abraham was walking with them to say ‘goodbye’ to them.” (Source: Translation for Translators)