Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Genesis 2:9)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 2:9:

  • Kankanaey: “That was where- God -caused-to-grow all kinds of trees which are those whose appearance is nice and those also whose fruit is edible. In the middle of that land, there was a tree which if people ate of its fruit, they would live forever. There was also a tree which if they ate from-it they would come-to-know the good and bad.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “The LORD God caused fruit trees to sprout which were very good and were pleasant to look at. The tree that gives life and the tree that gives the knowledge of good and evil were caused to be right among them.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “And the LORD God caused-to-grow all kinds of trees that are-good to-look-at and their fruits are-good/delicious to-eat. In the middle of the garden there-was a tree there that gives life, and there-was also a tree there that gives knowledge of what is good and bad.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Yahweh God also put there every kind of tree that is beautiful to see and that produced fruit that was good to eat. He also placed in the middle of the park/garden a tree whose fruit would enable those who ate it to live forever. He also placed there another tree whose fruit would enable those who ate it to know what actions were good to do and what actions were evil to do.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 2:10)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 2:10:

  • Newari: “One river of water came out from Eden to water the garden. [lit.: to cause the garden to be drenched.] and from there it separated, becoming four rivers.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “In Eden there was a river that flows, that which gives water to the garden. It branched/divided into four rivers.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “A river flowed from Eden to provide water for the park/garden. Outside of Eden, the river divided into four rivers.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 2:11)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 2:11:

  • Newari: “The name of the first river is Pishon. This river wanders about in a land called Havilah. There is very good gold in this place.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “The name of the first river was Pishon. It flows through the whole land of Havila, where there-is gold.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “The name of the first river is Pishon. That river flows through all the land of Havilah, where there is gold.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 2:12)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 2:12:

  • Newari: “Along with that there are also precious stones and valuable incense here.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “The gold there is very pure. And can-be-seen also there the expensive perfume which isbediliyum, and the expensive stone which is onix.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “That gold is very pure/has no impurities in it. There is also a sweet-smelling gum called bdellium, and valuable stones called onyx.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 2:13)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 2:13:

  • Newari: “The name of the second river is Gihon. It wanders about in a country called Cush.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “The name of the second river is Gihon. It flows through the whole land of Cush.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “The name of the second river is Gihon. That river flows through all the land of Cain.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 2:14)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 2:14:

  • Newari: “The name of the third river is Tigris. It flows toward the east of a country called Assyria. The name of the fourth river is Euphrates.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “The name of the third river is Tigris. It flows through the east of Asiria. And the fourth river is Eufrates.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “The name of the third river is Tigris. It flows east of the city of Asshur. The name of the fourth river is Euphrates.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 2:15)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 2:15:

  • Kankanaey: “That land at Eden, that’s where- God -put the person he had made so-that he would take-care of it properly.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “And the LORD God took the man and put him in the garden called Eden to do field work and to care for it.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “The LORD God caused-to-live in the garden of Eden the man he had-made in-order-to tend it.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Yahweh God took the man and put him in Eden park/garden to till/cultivate it and take care of it.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 2:16)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 2:16:

  • Kankanaey: “He instructed him saying, ‘You (sing.) may eat from all the fruit of the trees that are here” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “The LORD God said to him — ‘It is certainly all right to eat the fruit of all the trees of the garden.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “And he told him, ‘You can-eat the fruit of any tree in the garden,” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “But Yahweh said to him, ‘You must not eat the fruit of the tree that will enable you to know what actions are good to do and what actions are evil to do. If you eat any fruit from that tree, on that day your relationship with me will end. But I will permit you to eat the fruit of any of the other trees in the park/garden.'” (Source: Translation for Translators)