Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Mark 12:34)

Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 12:34:

  • Uma: “Yesus heard the clearness [i.e., understanding / wisdom] of this religion teacher’s answer. That’s why he said to him: ‘You (sing.) are indeed almost a person in God’s Kingdom!’ From there, no-one else dared to ask anything of Yesus.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “When Isa observed/noticed that his thoughts were deep, for his answer was really right, he said to him, ‘If you advance/increase that thinking of yours, you will be easily ruled over by God.’ After that, nobody dared to ask Isa anything.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And Jesus understood that what this teacher said was very true, and Jesus said, ‘That’s right, and you can easily be rule over by God.’ And then no one any longer dared to ask Jesus anything.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “When Jesus heard the wiseness of his answer, he said to him, ‘You (sing.) are near to joining the ruling of God.’ And beginning-from then, no one dared to question Jesus.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Jesus observed that the reply of that person was all meaningful/to-the-point. That’s why he said, ‘You really are close to the kingdom of God, that you could easily become a subject of it.’ Well, that’s as far as it went. No one else dared to question Jesus.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Mark 12:35)

Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 12:35:

  • Uma: “When Yesus taught in the House of God, he said: ‘Why do the religion teachers say the Redeemer King is the descendant of King Daud?” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “So-then, while Isa was teaching/preaching in the temple, he asked them, he said, ‘Why do the teachers of the religious law say that Almasi is the descendant of King Da’ud ko’?” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “While Jesus was teaching in the church, the House of God, he asked, he said, ‘Why is it possible for the teachers of the law to teach that the coming king is just a descendant of King David?” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “When Jesus was teaching in the Temple, he said, ‘Why do the teachers of the law say that the Messiah is David’s descendant?” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “When Jesus was still teaching there in the Templo, he said, ‘How can the explainers of law say that as for this one who is meant by Cristo, he is just the descendant of David who was king in the past?” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Mark 12:36)

Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 12:36:

  • Uma: “Yet Daud himself calls him his Lord. With the leading of the Holy Spirit Daud speaks of the Redeemer King like this: The Lord God said to my Lord: ‘Sit on my right side until I make all your (sing.) enemies submit to You (sing.).’ So, if the Redeemer King is indeed a descendant of Daud, why does Daud call him his Lord?’ A great many people had gathered in the House of God at that time, and they were happy to hear his teaching.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “But Da’ud was really the one speaking while he was ruled by the Holy Spirit, he said, ‘God spoke to my Lord. God said, come, sit here at my right-hand-side, here in the most prominent seat. I will place your enemies under the sole of your feet.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “The reason I ask this is because King David was inspired by the Holy Spirit and he spoke, he said, ‘God said to my Lord, ‘Sit here on my right side until the time when I cause your enemies to kneel down to you.’ ‘ ‘” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Because what God’s Spirit caused-David -to-say is this. ‘The Lord God said to my Lord: Sit at my right-side until I defeat your (sing.) enemies.’ ‘” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Since by the putting-in-his-mind by the Espiritu Santo, David indeed was the one who spoke, saying, ‘God said to my Lord who is Cristo, ‘Today sit here on my right, until as for those enemies of yours, I will cause them to admit-defeat that they will now be just a stepping-stool/foot-rest for your feet.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Mark 12:37)

Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 12:37:

  • Uma: “Yet Daud himself calls him his Lord. With the leading of the Holy Spirit Daud speaks of the Redeemer King like this: The Lord God said to my Lord: ‘Sit on my right side until I make all your (sing.) enemies submit to You (sing.).’ So, if the Redeemer King is indeed a descendant of Daud, why does Daud call him his Lord?’ A great many people had gathered in the House of God at that time, and they were happy to hear his teaching.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Na, look,’ said Isa, ‘if Da’ud calls Almasi his Lord, surely he is not just/only his descendant but he is still greater than Da’ud.’ The crowds were glad to listen to the teaching/preaching of Isa.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And Jesus continued speaking, he said, ‘If David said that the expected king was his Lord, can it be that he was just a descendant of David?’ The many people really liked that teaching of Jesus.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Then Jesus went-on to say, ‘If David said that the Messiah was his Lord, how is it that he is David’s descendant?’ And the large-group of people liked to listen to what he was saying.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “In that, David indeed was the one who called him his Lord. Well, if it’s like that, isn’t it clear that this Cristo isn’t just the descendant of David?’ Everybody listened well, for that teaching of Jesus pleased them.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tlahuitoltepec Mixe: “If he is his boss, how will he only be his grandchild? …” (Source: B. Moore / G. Turner in Notes on Translation 1967, p. 1ff.)

complete verse (Mark 12:38)

Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 12:38:

  • Uma: “When Yesus taught the crowds he said to them: ‘You be careful, don’t you imitate the character of the religion teachers. They are happy to walk around using/wearing long shirts/clothes, and they are happy when people on the edge of the main-street bow to greet them.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “So-then while Isa was still teaching/preaching, he said, ‘Avoid/stay-away-from the teachers of the religious law. They like/are happy to walk-about dressed in long (robes) and they like/are happy to be greeted-touching-hands (sinalam) in the market-places.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And in his teaching he said, ‘Be on your guard so that you are not like the teachers of the law, for the only thing they like is walking around in long robes being honored by the people in the market.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Jesus continued to teach and he said, ‘Beware of the teachers of the law, because they like to wear fine/beautiful robes so that they thus have a means-of-being-recognized and they also like those who see them to honor them saying, ‘Where are you (sing.) going, sir?’ when they go visiting in the marketplace.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Jesus further said in that teaching of his, ‘Now,’ he said, ‘all of you be careful of the explainers of law, who love to walk about in long clothes which are the clothing of the great/important. And their pleasure is to be appropriately-greeted/acknowledged in places where there are many people.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Mark 12:39)

Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 12:39:

  • Uma: “They are happy to be seated in the honorable seats in the prayer houses. They are happy if they are seated in the good seats in the feasts.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “If in the prayer-house, they want to sit in the seat for the respected people. Likewise if they are at a feast, their wish is to sit in the most prominent seat.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And when they are in the church, they want that they are the oens to be seated in the seats of high people. And they also want that they are greatly respected when they attend feasts.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “They also choose the best seats in the sinagoga (synagogue), and when they go to join-in-eating, it has to be the important people that they go and sit-with.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “And their favorite seats in the worship-place are the seats where important people are seated. It’s like that too at feasts.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Choapan Zapotec: “Also they want to sit where the respected people sit in the synagogue. Also when there is a fiesta, they want to eat first.” (Source: B. Moore / G. Turner in Notes on Translation 1967, p. 1ff.)

complete verse (Mark 12:40)

Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 12:40:

  • Uma: “They deceive widows and they take-away their houses. They hide the evil of their deeds by praying long-long. Their punishment will be very heavy.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “But they,’ said Isa, ‘they cause difficulties for the widow women in order to get their houses, and they cause their worship to be long pretending that they are good people. Surely they will receive great/severe judgment in the afterworld.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “The teachers of the law cheat widow women so that they might come to own the houses of those women. Their prayers are very long, but are only a coverup for their wicked deeds. God’s punishment on them later will be very great.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “They moreover deceive widowed women in order to get their possessions and even their houses while-at-the-same-time they make-long their prayers in the sight of the many-people. In-the-future indeed (prophetic formula) their punishment will be heavier.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “And they use up the livelihood of widows through what they cause them to give. And for the reason that they want to cover up their evil ways/nature, they pray long prayers. Really extremely hard/heavy is their punishment.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Ibaloi: “They wickedly take the possessions of widowed women, and when they go to their church they make long prayers, so that they will say that they are good people. Big is the punishment of God on them.” (Source: B. Moore / G. Turner in Notes on Translation 1967, p. 1ff.)

complete verse (Mark 12:41)

Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 12:41:

  • Uma: “Yesus sat close to the box for putting offering money in, and he watched the people who were putting in their offering money in it. Many rich people put in no small amount of money.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “So-then Isa was sitting facing the container-for money in the temple. He was watching the people dropping money into the container. Many rich people dropped much money.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “There was a time then when Jesus was sitting inside the church, the House of God, near the place where the money offerings were put. He was watching the people putting their offering in the container. There were many rich people there putting in a large amount of money.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Then Jesus went and sat facing the place-for-inserting money in the Temple. Then he watched the many-people inserting (as through a slot) their money. Many rich-people inserted much.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Well Jesus sat down there beside where money was dropped which was being given there in the Templo. He was observing the people who were dropping (money). Many were the wealthy who were dropping large amounts.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Walmajarri: “When Jesus was sitting in God’s house, men and women were going through. They were putting money in for God. As they were going they were putting it into a vessel for money. Jesus was sitting looking at them.” (Source: Callow 1972, p. 75)