Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Luke 19:2)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 19:2:

  • Noongar: “A chief tax collector lived in Jericho. His name was Zachaeus, and he was very rich.” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “In that town, there was a rich man who was the head of the tax collectors, named Zakheus.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “There was a person living there, his name was Sakkiyas. He was the leader of the people who collect payment and he was rich.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And there was there a man from Jericho who was named Zacchaeus. And as for this Zacchaeus, he was the chief of the tax collectors there, and he was very rich.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “there was a rich-man who was the leader of the tax collectors who was named Zakeus.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “There was a rich person there who was a boss of the official receivers of payment to the government, whose name was Zaqueo.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Luke 19:3)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 19:3:

  • Noongar: “He wanted to see Jesus, but he was a short man and he could not see Jesus because of all the people.” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “He wanted to see what Yesus looked like. But he could not see because there were so many people, and he was a short person.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “He really wanted to see Isa, as to what he looked like, but he could not see for there were very many people and he was short.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “He wanted to see Jesus, but he couldn’t see him because Jesus was completely surrounded by people and Zacchaeus also was a short person.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “He wanted to see Jesus, but he had no way, because there were many people while indeed (empathy particle) he was very-short.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “He really was persevering to see Jesus so that he would recognize/know who he was. But well, since Zaqueo was a short person, he couldn’t see Jesus for he was hidden-from-view by the crowd of people.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Luke 19:4)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 19:4:

  • Noongar: “Jesus was coming on the road, so he ran ahead and climbed a tree to see Jesus.” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “So, he ran ahead of the crown, and he climbed a fig tree so that he could look-down on Yesus when he passed by there.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Therefore he ran ahead of the people and climbed up on a tree sikamol at the edge of the road so that he could see Isa when he passed by.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “So what Zacchaeus did was, he ran on up ahead and he climbed up in a tree named sycamore, where Jesus was to pass by, so that ha might see Jesus very well as he passed by.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “So he ran to-go-ahead of plural Jesus and went and climbed a sikomoro tree so that thus he would have a way of seeing Jesus when he passed.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Therefore what he did was, he ran on ahead and climbed a sikumoro tree so that he would see Jesus well when he passed by.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Luke 19:5)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 19:5:

  • Noongar: “When Jesus came, he looked up and said to Zacchaeus, ‘Hurry down, Zacchaeus, because I must stay in your house today.'” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “When Yesus passed by there, he looked-up and said: ‘Zakheus, hurry down Because today I must stop-for-a-short-time at your (sing.) house.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “When Isa came to where that tree was he stopped and looked up, and said, ‘Oy Sakkiyas. Come quickly down for I have to rest/stop at your house this day.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And when Jesus arrived there at the foot of the tree where Zacchaeus had climbed up, he stopped and he looked up and he said, ‘Hey, Zacchaeus! Come down quickly from there, because it’s necessary that I go up into your house today.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “When Jesus was-directly-under the location of Zakeus, he looked-up-at him and said, ‘Zakeus, climb-down, because I must stop-in (implies for a meal or overnight) at your (sing.) house today.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “When Jesus had come opposite/under that tree, he looked up and spoke saying, ‘Zaqueo, come down quickly, for your house is where I will go-to-stay today.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Luke 19:6)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 19:6:

  • Noongar: “Zacchaeus hurried down and thanked Jesus joyfully.” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “Zakheus did hurry down, and he was glad to receive Yesus in his house.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “So Sakkiyas hurried down and he was glad to take Isa to his house.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And then, Zacchaeus very quickly came down, and welcomed Jesus affectionately, and he was very happy.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Zakeus climbed-right-down, and great as his happiness in leading Jesus to their home.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “He now came down quickly and very happily had Jesus accompany him to his house.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Luke 19:7)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 19:7:

  • Noongar: “All the people watching, they began talking angrily. ‘This one Jesus is going to sit and to eat in the house of a bad man!'” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “When the people saw that Yesus went to the house of Zakheus, they murmured/complained, they said: ‘Ii, why in the world is he visiting in the house of a sinner(emphatic)!'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “When the people heard what Isa said to Sakkiyas, they grumbled, they said, ‘Na, why dang (exclamation) does he go along to the house of that sinful person?'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And when the people heard these words of Jesus to Zacchaeus, they didn’t like it and they spoke to each other, ‘Why is Jesus going to go up into the house of a person who really transgresses against God?'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “But all those who saw, they murmured/grumbled saying, ‘Why (rebuke particle) does he have-himself-welcomed in the house of that sinner?'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Without anything further, as for all who saw that, they talked-among-themselves saying, ‘Expl., he goes to stay with one who is sinful!'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Kinaray-A: “When the people saw that Jesus was going into the house of Zaqueo, they grumbled and said, ‘Why is he going into the house of that man who is a sinner?'” (Source: Balbina Abadiano in Notes on Translation 1988, p. 40ff.)

complete verse (Luke 19:8)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 19:8:

  • Noongar: “Zacchaeus stood up and said to Jesus, ‘Lord! Listen! I will give half of my wealth to poor people, and if I have robbed a person, I will give him four times more.'” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “While the Lord Yesus was in the house of Zakheus, Zakheus stood up and said to him: ‘Lord, half of my goods I [will] give to the poor, and whoever I have deceived, I [will] return four times from what I deceived them.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Then Sakkiyas stood up and he said to Isa, ‘Sir, one half of my wealth I (will) give to the poor. And if I have cheated someone I will return his money to him fourfold/four times as much.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And as for Zacchaeus, when Jesus and company arrived at his house, he stood up and he said, ‘I’m going to give half of all my wealth to the poor. And any person that I have cheated before, I’m going to return to him four times as much as I got.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Meanwhile Zakeus stood up and said to Jesus, ‘Lord, look! I will give to the poor the half of my possessions. If moreover there is someone I have cheated, I will return to him four-times the amount that I took.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “When they were now sitting in the house, Zaqueo stood up again and spoke, saying, ‘Lord, today, half of my possessions I will cause to be given to the poor. And whatever I have over-charged from anyone, four times the amount is what I will return to him.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Luke 19:9)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 19:9:

  • Noongar: “‘Jesus said to Zacchaeus, ‘Today this home and these people are saved, because this man, he also is a descendant of Abraham.” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “Yesus said: ‘On this day, the people in this house are freed from the punishment of their sins, because this Zakheus is also a descendant of Abraham.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Isa said to him, ‘This day you and your family (lit. child-wife) are saved for you hep also are a descendant of Ibrahim.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And Jesus said to him, ‘You and your companions here in the house, God has set you free today from the punishment because of your sins, because you today have done like your ancestor Abraham, because you have believed in God.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Then Jesus said, ‘This day (lit. today day), you in this household have been saved, because even you (sing.), you (sing.) are a lost descendant of Abraham,” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “When Jesus heard that, he spoke saying, ‘Really right-now, the saving by God has come here to this household. Because through this which Zaqueo has done, which is a sign that his nature/ways have now been made new, it’s clear that he has become included in the true descendants of Abraham, which is not just through blood but on the contrary according to their belief-in/obeying God.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)