Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Matthew 1:25)

Following are a number of back-translations of Matthew 1:25:

  • Uma: “But they did not yet sleep together, until Maria gave birth. When that Child was born, Yusuf named him Yesus.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “But they did not lie together as long as Mariyam had not yet given birth. When Mariyam gave birth her child was a boy and Yusup called him Isa.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “But he didn’t get near Mary (euphemism) until she had not yet given birth. And when the child was born, Joseph named him Jesus.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “but he did not sleep-with her when her child had not yet been born (lit. come-out). When he was born, he named him Jesus.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “But Jose didn’t touch/get-involved-with (implies sexually here) Maria until the-baby-she-was-carrying was born, whom he named Jesus.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “But he did not touch her (= have intercourse with her) while she was carrying the child. Upon the birth of this first son of Mary, Joseph named him Jesus.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Matthew 2:1)

Following are a number of back-translations of Matthew 2:1:

  • Uma: “Yesus was born in the village of Betlehem in the land of Yudea during the reign of King Herodes. At that time, several people arrived in Yerusalem from a village/place that was far to the east. Those visitors were people who knew [how] to look for signs in the stars.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Isa was born in the town of Betlehem in the place Yahudiya at the time when Herod was king. Not long after people arrived in the town of Awrusalam from a country in the east. These people studied the stars.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Jesus was born in Bethlehem in the province of Judea at the time of the ruling of the first King called Herod. And when Jesus was still very newly a baby, there arrived in Jerusalem some star gazers. They came from a far place in the east.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Jesus was born in Betlehem a town of Judea during the kingship of Herod. Then there were those who went to Jerusalem from the east (lit. coming-out-place of the sun) who were wise/skilled to tell the meaning of the stars.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Where Jesus was born was in Betlehem in the district of Judea, at the time when Herodes was the king who ruled there. It wasn’t a long time till there came to Jerusalem some wise-people/thinkers who were astrologers/fortune-tellers, coming from the east.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “There in the city of Bethlehem of the land of Judea was where Jesus was born. This was during the days when the king Herod was ruling over that area. In the large city of Jerusalem there arrived some men who had knowledge for studying how the stars moved. They came from a land towards where the sun rises.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Matthew 2:2)

Following are a number of back-translations of Matthew 2:2:

  • Uma: “They asked the Yerusalem villagers, they said: ‘Where is the Child who was just born to become the King of the Yahudi people? In the east we saw a star that meant/told of his birth. That is why we came wanting to worship him.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “When they arrived there they asked, they said, ‘Where is the child that was recently born the one who will finally become the king of the Yahudi? For we have seen a star appear there in the east and that star is a sign that he has been born and we have come to praise him.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “They asked, ‘Where is the prophesied child born who will rule over the Jew people? We saw the appearing of the star which is the sign of his birth. Because of this we came here for we will worship him.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “When they arrived there, they inquired saying, ‘Where is the one who was born who is king of the Jews? Because we (excl.) saw the coming-out of the star that is the sign of his birth, and we (excl.) came to worship/honor him.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “When they arrived in Jerusalem, they kept asking around as to where was the one who had been born who would reign as King of the Judio. ‘Because we saw,’ they said, ‘a new star which rose in the east, which is the sign that he has now been born. This is why we (excl.) have come, that we (excl.) will worship him.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “They were asking, saying: ‘Where is the baby who has been born, the one who is the kind of the Jews? For there towards where the sun rises we saw a star which was a sign that he has now been born. So now we have come in order to worship him,’ they said.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Matthew 2:3)

Following are a number of back-translations of Matthew 2:3:

  • Uma: “When King Herodes heard that there was a child who would become king, he was startled and worried, so also all the people in Yerusalem.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “When King Herod heard this, his thoughts were very troubled and including all the people in Awrusalam were also troubled.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Now when King Herod heard this, his breath was troubled and also the breaths of all the Jerusalemites.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “When King Herod heard-that -news, great was his fear and likewise also all who lived in Jerusalem.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “When King Herodes knew, his mind was really disturbed. Everyone in Jerusalem was like that too.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “The king Herod, upon hearing about this, became fearful in his thoughts. The same for the people of Jerusalem, all of them feared.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Matthew 2:4)

Following are a number of back-translations of Matthew 2:4:

  • Uma: “From there, he called all the priest leaders with the teachers of the Yahudi religion to come gather. When they had all gathered, he asked them: ‘Where [in your opinion] will be the birthplace of the Redeemer King that God promised long ago?'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “The King commanded all the leaders of the priests and the religious law to gather. Then he asked them, he said, ‘What is the birthplace of Almasi?'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And Herod gathered all of the heads of the sacrificers and the teachers of the law. He asked them, ‘Where will the one chosen by God to rule be born according to the prophesying long ago?'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “So he had-the leaders of the priests and the teachers of the law -gather, and he inquired of them where the Messiah would be born.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “What Herodes did was, he called together all the chiefs of the priests and teachers/explainers of the written laws of God. For he asked them, saying, ‘Where will the birth-place be of Cristo who is that one promised by God who will reign?'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “This king called for all the chief priests and also the teachers of the law. He asked them where Christ was to be born, that one God would appoint to rule.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Matthew 2:5)

Following are a number of back-translations of Matthew 2:5:

  • Uma: “They answered him like this: ‘In the village of Betlehem in the land of Yudea. We know this because there is a Word of the Lord that was written by a prophet long ago. The Lord says:” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “They said, ‘The town of Betlehem there in Yahudiya, for Nabi Mika has written in the holy-book like this,” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And they answered, ‘He will be born in the town of Bethlehem in the province of Judea. We know this because there is a written saying of God by means of an inspired one long ago who said,” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “‘In Betlehem in this province of Judea,’ they said answering. ‘Because this is what God caused-the prophet long-ago -to-write saying,” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “They answered, saying, ‘Respects to you, it’s said to be there in Betlehem in the district of Judea. Because that is what is there in what was written by a prophet, which is what was said by God,” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “The ones who were questioned said to Herod: ‘There in the city of Bethlehem of the land of Judah is where he is to be born. Because this is the word written by the spokesman for God who said:” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Matthew 2:6)

Following are a number of back-translations of Matthew 2:6:

  • Uma: “‘The village of Betlehem in the land of Yehuda is just a small village. But even so, its name will be bigger than all the big villages in the land of Yehuda. Because from Betlehem will appear a Leader who will lead my Israel people.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “‘O people of Betlehem there in the place Yahudiya, even though your place is small you are not put down/humbled in the eyes of the leaders of the Yahudi, for from there shall come out a leader who will rule my people the tribe of Isra’il.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “‘You Bethlehemites who live in the province of Judea, your town is more famous than your fellow town there in Judea because from you will come the ruler of my subjects, the descendants of Israel.’ ‘” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “‘You (sing.) Betlehem in the land of Juda, you (sing.) are the most-important among the honored towns in (lit. which are) the territory of Juda, because you (sing.) are the place-from-whence-will-come the ruler who will lead and care-for my people the descendants of Israel.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “‘As for the town of Betlehem, in the district of Judea, it won’t be left behind by others, but on the contrary will become really famous. Because that is from where will come the leader/chief who will take care of my people the nation of Israel.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “‘There in the city of Bethlehem of the land of Judah it is greater than all the big cities in the land. Because from there will come forth a ruler who will rule my people the Jews for me.'” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Matthew 2:7)

Following are a number of back-translations of Matthew 2:7:

  • Uma: “When Herodes heard those words, he quietly called those people who knew how to look at stars to meet with him, so that other people would not know. He asked them when that star had first appeared.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “When Herod heard this, he sent word and told those men from the east to come, and he talked to them privately (lit. just them). He asked them as to when they had seen the star appear. They told him.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Then after he had heard this, Herod called the star-gazers who had arrived. And when the only ones with him were the star gazers, he asked when that star which they had seen appeared.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Then Herod had-(someone)-call those-aforementioned wise/skilled-ones in telling the meaning of the stars so that they could talk with him alone, and he found-out from them the exact time that the star appeared (lit. came-out).” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “When those ones he’d called together had left, the next ones Herodes caused to go to him without anyone knowing were those wise-people/thinkers who had arrived. For he asked them privately just when that star they mentioned had risen.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Now this Herod secretly called to himself the men who had been asking the question, those who said that they knew how the stars moved. Herod asked them what time the star first appeared.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)