Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 1:2:
- Uma: “That Good News was promised beforehand by God with the lips of the prophets of old, as is written in the Holy Book.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
- Yakan: “This good news God promised in old times and commanded his prophets to write in the holy-book (kitab).” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
- Western Bukidnon Manobo: “I am Paul, the one writing this. I’m a slave of Jesus Christ and he has made me also to be an apostle. God promised long ago by means of what he caused the prophets to write, that there would be a time when there would be Good News which would be made known to us (incl.) The reason he chose me to be an apostle was so that I might tell repeatedly this Good News.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
- Kankanaey: “This good news, it is what God promised long ago which he caused-to-be-written by the prophets through-whom-he-spoke.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
- Tenango Otomi: “Very long ago God’s spokesmen wrote in the Holy Book that there would come the day when it would happen as is the word which is in the good news.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
- Huehuetla Tepehua: “A long time ago God had said that there would be such words as these. And the servants of God who lived a long time ago, that’s what they wrote about when God told them to write his words.”
- Chicahuaxtla Triqui: “And way back when, the ones who spoke the Word of God wrote that this good word should come to the world and God Himself cause so that they should write.” (Source for this and above: Waterhouse / Parrott in Notes on Translation October 1967, p. 1ff.)
Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 1:3:
- Uma: “That Good News tells who the Child of God is, our Lord Yesus Kristus. According to his birth as mankind, Yesus is the descendant of King Daud of old. But that Yesus is also the Child of God, for he is holy the same as God. That is clear because God caused him to live again, and with that amazing sign he made-clear that he indeed is the Child of God.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
- Yakan: “This good news is about God’s Child/Son, Isa Almasi, our (incl.) Leader. He was born in the world a descendant of King Da’ud when he was a human being.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
- Western Bukidnon Manobo: “This is the news about our Lord Jesus Christ, son of God. And as for this Jesus, he became a human for he was born as a descendant of the long ago King David.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
- Kankanaey: “What this good news talks-about, it is his Child Jesu Cristo who is our Lord. As concerning his personhood, he was a descendant of King David.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
- Tenango Otomi: “This good news tells about our Lord Jesus Christ, the son of God. It tells that he became a person, and tells that he is the descendant of the ruler David.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
- Isthmus Zapotec: “This gospel teaches us of His son who came from among the children (family) of David at the time when he came to be a person of this world, and He is Jesus Christ our Lord.”
- Central Tarahumara: “And this very Good Word of God speaks advising us about the Son of God, who is our Lord Jesus Christ. And here in the world Jesus Christ was born as a baby boy. And he was born as one of David’s grandsons like.” (Source: Waterhouse / Parrott in Notes on Translation October 1967, p. 1ff.)
- Hausa: “This gospel is about his Son Jesus Christ our Lord it is. By human he is from the tribe of David,” (Source: Hausa Common Language Back Translation)
Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 1:4:
- Uma: “That Good News tells who the Child of God is, our Lord Yesus Kristus. According to his birth as mankind, Yesus is the descendant of King Daud of old. But that Yesus is also the Child of God, for he is holy the same as God. That is clear because God caused him to live again, and with that amazing sign he made-clear that he indeed is the Child of God.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
- Yakan: “But he is really God. By God’s power it is clear that he truly is the Child of God because he was made alive again from his death.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
- Western Bukidnon Manobo: “As for Jesus Christ our Lord, he is the holy God because he is also the son of God, because this was shown to us by means of the great power of God which was used to raise him from the dead.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
- Kankanaey: “Concerning also his holy godhood, God showed that he was his Child when he made-him-alive again by-means-of his power.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
- Tenango Otomi: “But concerning the holy soul of Jesus Christ, it clearly is apparent that he is not just a person, it is strongly apparent that he is the Son of God, because he resurrected after he died.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
- Central Tarahumara: “And the Very Good Spirit, God’s Spirit, raised up Jesus Christ when he was already dead. And all of the people were thus truly shown that Jesus Christ is the only Son of God.”
- Central Mazahua : “The Spirit which comes from God caused him to arise when he had died. Thus it was made known powerfully that he is the Son of God. This is Jesus Christ who is our Lord.”
- Chicahuaxtla Triqui: “But Christ is Son of God according to his spirit because his spirit is entirely good. And God himself has shown that Jesus is his very Son. And very powerfully did God with him when he rose from among the dead by God’s agency. And Jesus Christ has become the Lord who has authority over us.” (Source for this and two above: Waterhouse / Parrott in Notes on Translation October 1967, p. 1ff.)
Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 1:5:
- Uma: “By the lips of that Yesus, God gave me a big blessing, appointing [lifting] me as his apostle [messenger], so that I take the Good News to people all over the world, teaching them to believe and submit to the Lord Yesus, so that the name of Yesus is made-big.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
- Yakan: “Because of Isa Almasi I was given work/doing by God. I was commissioned by him to proclaim the good news so that there would be some from all nations/peoples/tribes that I would carry/influence to be people trusting and following/obeying Isa Almasi so that he can-be-praised/is-praised.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
- Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Through Christ sending me, I was given wisdom and God made me an apostle, which is to say, send one, in order that Jesus might be honored. The reason that he did this was so that I might teach the people who aren’t Jews in the towns everywhere, so that they might obey and believe Jesus Christ.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
- Kankanaey: “Because of him, God showed-me -kindness/grace and made me an apostle so that I would persuade people in all countries/towns to believe and obey Cristo so that he would be praised/honored.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
- Tenango Otomi: “Jesus Christ did me the favor of giving me the work of being his representative. He wants that in whatever land I tell the good news to the people and that they will believe, they will do what it says. By this then the people will praise Jesus Christ.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
- Hopi: “Because of Him, God through his pity sent me to preach in order that I might speak the good message to all people in order to persuade some. And then they will walk according to our beliefs. In doing this I make Jesus Christ very big.”
- Central Mazahua: “Jesus Christ looked on me well. He sent me to do his work, in order that the people in the world will believe-obey, listen-obey him.”
- Central Tarahumara: “And Jesus Christ very lovingly sent us to preach in his name, so that the people who live in all the world, believing well, should reverence Jesus Christ himself.” (Source for this and two above: Waterhouse / Parrott in Notes on Translation October 1967, p. 1ff.)
Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 1:6:
- Uma: “So also you Kristen people there in the village of Roma. God called you as well to become the portion of Yesus Kristus.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
- Yakan: “You (pl.) the ones who are there in the place Roma are also included. You were chosen by God so that you belong to Isa Almasi.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
- Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And as for you there in the town of Rome, you’re included also in these people, for God has made a way so that you might believe and you might become the subjects of Jesus Christ.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
- Kankanaey: “Even you also there in Roma, you are included-with the people whom God has called/invited to be joined to Jesu Cristo.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
- Tenango Otomi: “Of these people whom God called to believe in Jesus Christ, you also were called by God to believe in Jesus Christ now.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
- Tzeltal: “As, for example, you whom Jesus Christ has called to himself.”
- Highland Totonac: “And of these also were some of you who have been chosen in order that you will belong to Christ.”
- Sayula Popoluca: “And you likewise I tell you that God called you so that Jesus Christ could make you his own.”
- Isthmus Zapotec: “And among those people (I’ve just mentioned), you (pl.) are included because God has spoken to you that you should become Jesus Christ’s people (or followers).” (Source for this and three above: Waterhouse / Parrott in Notes on Translation October 1967, p. 1ff.)
Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 1:7:
- Uma: “That’s why I send this letter to all Kristen people in Roma. God loved you and called you to be/become his holy followers. Greetings: I call-out to God our Father and to the Lord Yesus Kristus, that he bless you from his grace [lit., white insides] and give you peace/well-being [lit., goodness of life].” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
- Yakan: “That’s why I here write to you the ones there in the land/place of Roma. God loves you and you were chosen by him so that you are his people. May it be that God, our (incl.) Father and Isa Almasi our (incl.) Leader always take-care-of you. May it be also that they give you peace in your livers.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
- Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And because of this, I will write to all of you in the town of Rome who are precious in the breath of God and whom He has made His subjects. As for our Father God and our Lord Jesus Christ, may he show favor to you and give you a peaceful situation.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
- Kankanaey: “Here then is my letter to all of you there whom God loves and has called to become his people. May you have the grace/kindness and peace that come from God our Father and the Lord Jesu Cristo.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
- Tenango Otomi: “I greet you, you inhabitants of Rome. God loved you and thus he called you to be in his hand. I want that God our Father and also our Lord Jesus Christ will bless you and put peace in your hearts.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
- Central Mazahua: “You who are in Rome, I greet you. Very much God loves you. He summoned you to be his people. God our Father and Jesus Christ our Lord look on you well and cause you to rest in your hearts.”
- Chicahuaxtla Triqui: “And I write a letter to you, you who are the ones in the city Rome. And you are the ones whom God loves, and God himself has called you that you should be those who believe in God. Well then, God in heaven is our Father, and Jesus Christ is the Lord who has authority over us. And I wish that the two of them would do favors to you and that the two of them would make you peaceful in your hearts, I wish.” (Source for this and above: Waterhouse / Parrott in Notes on Translation October 1967, p. 1ff.)
- Chichewa: “. . . May God our Father and our Lord Jesus Christ favour you in heart and give you peace.” (Interconfessional translation, publ. 1999) (Source: Wendland 1998, p. 69)
Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 1:9:
- Uma: “I work with a whole heart, doing the work that God has given me, announcing the Good News that speaks of his Child. And God knows the contents of my heart, he knows how I always mention you in my prayers.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
- Yakan: “I am always asking God for/on behalf of you (pl.). God knows that this saying of mine (what I am saying) is true. I work for him wholeheartedly (lit. my liver entirely), I proclaim the good news about his Son/Child.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
- Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Because of God I will do as much as I can so that I might spread the Good News about His son. And He is the one who knows that I am always praying to Him for you.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
- Kankanaey: “This God whom I am serving with all my ability in preaching the good news concerning his Child, he knows that in all my prayer-times I am praying for you.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
- Tenango Otomi: “And I put my heart into doing the work of God. I speak the good news about the Son of God. But God knows that when I pray to him I always mention you as I pray.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
- Huehuetla Tepehua: “I work for God with all my heart when I tell people about Christ. And he knows very well that I never don’t remember [I do remember] you when I talk to God.”
- Hopi: “I continually ask God for you. God himself knows that I am telling the truth. He is the one for whom I work from my heart. For him I should tell the people the good word about his Son.”
- Sayula Popoluca: “God knows that I always pray for you and I work with God with all my heart to go about telling God’s Son’s good news.” (Source for this and above: Waterhouse / Parrott in Notes on Translation October 1967, p. 1ff.)
Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 1:16:
- Uma: “I am not ashamed to take/carry the Good News. For the Good News is God’s power to give goodness/salvation to all people who believe. First the Good News was announced to the Jews, but now it is also announced to people who are not Jews.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
- Yakan: “I really am not ashamed to proclaim the good news about Isa Almasi. Because/for all who believe this good news, beginning with the Yahudi and up to the non-Yahudi, there is the power of God which frees them from their sin.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
- Western Bukidnon Manobo: “My trust in the Good News is very big, because if anybody believes in this beginning with Jewish people and extending to non-Jews, he will be freed from punishment by means of the great power of God.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
- Kankanaey: “Because I am absolutely not ashamed to tell the good news, because this is the evidence of God’s power to save all who believe. It was made-known first to the Jews, after that to the Gentiles.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
- Tenango Otomi: “I am not ashamed to speak this good news. Because this word walks with the power of God for saving all the people who believe this word. The same for the Jews and those who are not Jew, their lives will be saved upon believing the word.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
- Central Mazahua: “The good new words of Christ don’t cause me to be ashamed. When people hear through these words, God works powerfully in order that their hearts will be healed, all those who will believe-obey. First will listen-obey, will be healed their hearts the Jews, then those who are not Jews.” (Source: Waterhouse / Parrott in Notes on Translation October 1967, p. 1ff.)
