Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 38:1:

• Kankanaey: “At that time, Juda left his male siblings in the mountain-area and went to reside near the man from-Adullam who was-named Hira.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
• Newari: “At that time Judah, leaving his elder and younger brothers, went to stay at the place of a man named Hira who lived in Adullam.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
• Hiligaynon: “At also the same time, Juda separated-from his siblings and he settled there with Hira who is from-Adulam.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
• English: “At that time, Judah left his older and younger brothers and went down from the hilly area and stayed with a man whose name was Hiram, who lived in Adullam town.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 38:3:

• Kankanaey: “She became-pregnant (passive of existential) and birthed a male whom she named Er.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
• Newari: “She conceived and gave birth to a son. [He] named him Er.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
• Hiligaynon: “Later she became-pregnant and gave-birth to a son and Juda named him Er.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
• English: “and she became pregnant and later gave birth to a son, whom he named Er.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 38:4:

• Kankanaey: “She gave-birth again to a male and she named-him Onan.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
• Newari: “Again she conceived and another son was born. He named him Onan.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
• Hiligaynon: “She became-pregnant again and gave-birth to a son and she named-(him) Onan.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
• English: “Later she became pregnant again and gave birth to another son whom she named Onan.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 38:5:

• Kankanaey: “She gave-birth still again to a male and she named-him Sela. They were at Akzib when-she-gave-birth-to-him.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
• Newari: “Again she gave birth to another son. He was given the name Shelah. He [Judah] was staying in Chezib when he [Shelah] was given birth. [EAH: should we replace pronouns with names here?]” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
• Hiligaynon: “She became-pregnant still again [emphasis marker] and gave-birth to a son and she named-(him) Sela. Sela was-born in Kezib.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
• English: “Many years later, when Judah and his family went to live in Kezib town, Judah’s wife gave birth to another son, whom she named Shelah.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 38:8:

• Kankanaey: “Then Juda said to Onan, ‘Marry the one whom your (sing.) older-sibling left-behind, because that emphatically is your (sing.) duty to do as her brother-in-law so-that you (sing.) will sire-children for the dead-one who was your (sing.) older-sibling.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
• Newari: “Then Judah said to Onan — ‘You marry your elder brother’s wife. And fulfill the work that the husband’s younger brother must do. In this way make descendants for your elder brother.'” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
• Hiligaynon: “So Juda said to Onan, ‘Marry your (sing.) (sister)-in-law for that is your (sing.) obligation as a sibling/(brother) of her husband who died, so-that through you (sing.) your (sing.) sibling/(brother) (will) have offspring [also].'” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
• English: “Then Judah said to Onan, ‘Your older brother died without having any sons. So marry his widow and have sex with her. That is what our customs require that you should do.'” (Source: Translation for Translators)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 38:9:

• Kankanaey: “But since Onan knew that the-one-he-would-sire would not be-counted as his child, he ejaculated his seed on the ground when he and Tamar slept-together so-that he would not sire-a-child-for his older-sibling.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
• Newari: “Since the child had in that way would not be his own descendant, any time Onan would go to sleep with his elder brother’s wife, [he] would spill the semen on the ground so that his elder brother would not have offspring.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
• Hiligaynon: “Onan knew that the children of him and Tamar would- not -be-considered his own offspring. So each-(time) he and Tamar would-lay-down-together, he was- not -causing-to-go-inside his semen so-that he could/would- not -produce-children for his sibling.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
• English: “But Onan knew if he did that, any children who would be born would not be considered to be his. So every time he had sex with his brother’s widow, he spilled his semen on the ground, so that she would not get pregnant and produce children for his older brother.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 38:10:

• Kankanaey: “That-there that Onan was doing was a sin in the viewpoint of God, therefore he also killed him.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
• Newari: “This was not good in the LORD’s eyes. So He also killed him.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
• Hiligaynon: “What Onan did was-bad/evil in the sight of the LORD, so he also killed him.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
• English: “Yahweh considered that what he did was wicked, so he caused him to die also.” (Source: Translation for Translators)