serve (Igede)

The Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek that is typically translated in English as “serve,” “minister,” “walk with,” or “service” is translated in Igede as myị ẹrụ or “agree with message (of the one you’re serving).” (source: Andy Warren-Rothlin)

See also serve.

David

The name that is transliterated as “David” in English is translated in Spanish Sign Language with the sign signifying king and a sling (referring to 1 Samuel 17:49 and 2 Samuel 5:4). (Source: John Elwode in The Bible Translator 2008, p. 78ff.)


“Elizabeth” in Spanish Sign Language, source: Sociedad Bíblica de España

In German Sign Language it is only the sling. (See here ).


“David” in German Sign Language (source )

The (Protestant) Mandarin Chinese transliteration of “David” is 大卫 (衛) / Dàwèi which carries an additional meaning of “Great Protector.”

Click or tap here to see a short video clip about David (source: Bible Lands 2012)

Translation commentary on 1 Kings 9:4

Verses 4-5 form a conditional sentence. Verse 4 expresses the conditions that Solomon must fulfill, and verse 5 states what God will do if Solomon does what is expected of him. Since this verse expresses several conditions, Good News Translation repeats the word “if.”

And as for you: This verse begins in Hebrew with the words “and you.” The pronoun gives extra emphasis, which is not preserved in Good News Translation. New Revised Standard Version, New American Bible, New Living Translation, and New Jewish Publication Society’s Tanakh express this emphasis by saying “As for you.” Revised English Bible keeps this nuance by saying “If you, for your part.” Compare also New Jerusalem Bible: “For your part, if you.”

If you will walk before me, as David … walked: Regarding the figurative use of the Hebrew verb “to walk,” see the comments on 1 Kgs 3.3.

Integrity of heart: The Hebrew noun rendered integrity comes from a root meaning “to be complete.” When the noun is used in an ethical sense, it means “to be perfect” or “to have integrity.” The heart was considered the center of one’s desires and intentions (see the comments on 1 Kgs 8.23). Some other possible translations of this expression are “fair” (New Century Version), “honest” (Contemporary English Version), and “sincerely” (New American Bible).

Uprightness: See the comments on this noun in 1 Kgs 3.6, where it occurs in the expression “uprightness of heart.” The two expressions integrity of heart and uprightness refer to essentially the same quality. But most translations try to find synonymous expressions, such as “fair and sincere” (New Century Version) or “honest and fair” (Contemporary English Version).

Statutes … ordinances: See the comments on these nouns in 1 Kgs 2.3.

Quoted with permission from Omanson, Roger L. and Ellington, John E. A Handbook on 1-2 Kings, Volume 1. (UBS Helps for Translators). New York: UBS, 2008. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .