brother (fellow believer)

The Greek that is translated in English as “brother” (in the sense of a fellow believer), is translated with a specifically coined word in Kachin: “There are two terms for brother in Kachin. One is used to refer to a Christian brother. This term combines ‘older and younger brother.’ The other term is used specifically for addressing siblings. When one uses this term, one must specify if the older or younger person is involved. A parallel system exists for ‘sister’ as well. In [these verses], the term for ‘a Christian brother’ is used.” (Source: Gam Seng Shae)

In Martu Wangka it is translated as “relative” (this is also the term that is used for “follower.”) (Source: Carl Gross)

See also brothers.

complete verse (Hebrews 13:22)

Following are a number of back-translations of Hebrews 13:22:

  • Uma: “Relatives, I request that you not be tired listening to this advice of mine, for this letter of mine is just short.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “I beseech you, my brothers, really listen-obey my teaching in this letter, for this my letter isn’t all that long.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Brethren, I beg you that you endure listening to all of these words of mine to you, because this letter of mine is not yet so very long.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Please-be-so-kind brothers as to patiently receive this that I have written to advise/admonish and strengthen you, because this letter of mine to you is really not very-long.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Lastly, I am asking, brethren, that hopefully you will not get fed up with (lit. enoughed) listening to this teaching of mine, for I really didn’t make it very long.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Listen, my brothers, listen well to this word I am telling you. It is not a long word with which I instruct you.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

Translation commentary on Hebrews 13:22

Quoted with permission from Ellingworth, Paul and Nida, Eugene A. A Handbook on The Letter of the Hebrews. (UBS Handbook Series). New York: UBS, 1983. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .