So Holofernes left the presence of his master: Translators should keep the connector So here to indicate result. Left the presence of may be rendered simply as “left.” The term master translates the same word as “sovereign/lord” used in the previous verse (kurios in Greek), and again stresses Nebuchadnezzar’s position of supreme power. If translators have a word in the receptor language that means “master” in the sense of “one who rules with complete authority,” they should use it here.

Commanders, generals, and officers are terms for various high military ranks. In many modern armies there will be a supreme commander with generals of various ranks below him, followed by lesser officers. In a number of languages, however, it will be better to combine commanders and generals and translate “all the commanders [or, generals] and other officers of the Assyrian soldiers.”

Quoted with permission from Bullard, Roger A. and Hatton, Howard A. A Handbook on Judith. (UBS Helps for Translators). New York: UBS, 2001. For this and other handbooks for translators see here.