Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Genesis 21:32)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 21:32:

  • Newari: “Having finished making the Beersheba agreement Abimelech and his commanding general Phicol went back to the land of the Philistines.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “After their swearing-to-each-other there on Beersheba, Abimelec and Ficol returned to the land of the Filistinhon.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “After they made the agreement at Beersheba, Abimelech and his army commander, Phicol, left, and returned to the land of the Philistine people-group.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 21:33)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 21:33:

  • Newari: “Abraham planted one tamarind plant in Beersheba. And [he] took the name of the LORD, the forever living God.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Abraham planted a tamarisko tree there in Beersheba and there he worshipped the LORD, the God with no ending.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Abraham planted a tamarisk tree/kind of tree called esel there, and he worshiped the eternal God there.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 21:34)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 21:34:

  • Newari: “Abraham stayed for many days in the land of the Philistines.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Abraham lived in the land of the Filistinhon for a long time.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Abraham lived in the land of the Philistine people-group for a long time.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 22:1)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 22:1:

  • Kankanaey: “When how many years had gone, God said/thought that he would test Abraham. So he called him saying, ‘Ay (vocative) Abraham.’ ‘Do you (sing.) have something to say, Sir/Lord?’ he said answering.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Some time later God summoned Abraham to test him — ‘Abraham!'” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Sometime later, God tested Abraham. He called Abraham, and Abraham answered him.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Several years later, God tested Abraham to find out whether Abraham really trusted in him and would obey him. He called out to Abraham, and Abraham replied, ‘I’m here.'” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 22:2)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 22:2:

  • Kankanaey: “Then God said, ‘Call that only-one child of yours (sing.), who is Isaac whom you (sing.) love, and go to the mountain that I will point-out to you (sing.) in the region of Moria so-that that’s where-you-(sing.)-will-kill and where-you-(sing.)-will-burn that child of yours (sing.) to offer him to me.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “God said — ‘Take your only son Isaac, whom you love very much, and go to the land of Moriah. I will show you a mountain there, right there, offer your son as a burnt offering for me.'” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Then he said, ‘Bring your (sing.) only and beloved child Isaac and [you (pl.)] go to the land of Moria. [You (pl.)] climb-up the mountain that I will-point-out to you (sing.) and [you (sing.)] sacrifice him there to me as a burnt offering.'” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “God said, ‘Your son, Isaac, whom you love very much, is the only son who is still here with you. But take him and go together to the Moriah region. Offer him as a sacrifice like a burnt offering, on a hill that I will show you.'” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 22:3)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 22:3:

  • Kankanaey: “When it-got-light then (i.e., next day), Abraham went-early to go get-firewood to use-for-burning and he loaded-it (lit. caused-it-to-be-carried) on his donkey. Then he called Isaac and two slaves and they set-off to go to the place that God had told him.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Getting up early the next morning, Abraham split wood to light a fire, [and] tied a saddle on the body of a donkey. And taking his son Isaac and two servants he went toward the place God had told him about.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Therefore very early the next morning, Abraham chopped wood as firewood for the offering, and he loaded it on his donkey. He set-out with Isaac and his two male servants to the place that God had-said to him.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “So Abraham got up early the next morning, put a saddle on his donkey, and took with him two of his servants along with his son, Isaac. He also chopped some wood to kindle a fire for a burnt offering. Then they started traveling to the place God told him about.” (Source: Translation for Translators)
  • Language in the Caucasus (oral translation): “One day God wanted to check/test the prophet Ibrahim. He tells him, ‘You [should/must] completely-burn-as-sacrifice your only dear son Isaac for me on the mountain that I tell you in the land Moriah.” (“This particular story in Genesis does not call Abraham a prophet, but he is understood as such by Islam, which is the background for many OBS readers/listeners. The addition here is perfectly appropriate, since there already is prior Scripture where Abraham is called a prophet [Gen. 20:7, where God instructs Abimelech to return Sarah to Abraham.”]) (Source: Erwin R. Komen and Roman Kim in The Bible Translator 2023, p. 21ff.)

complete verse (Genesis 22:4)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 22:4:

  • Kankanaey: “On the third day, Abraham saw-in-the-distance the mountain where they were going” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “On the third day Abraham saw that place far away.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “On the third day of their journey, Abraham saw the place ahead that God had-told him.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Belanda Bor: “On the third day Abraham saw this place which God told him about. (Source: Tim Stirtz and Mike Cahill in Watters / de Blois 2023, p. 422)
  • English: “On the third day of their travels, Abraham looked up and saw in the distance the place where God wanted him to go.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 22:5)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 22:5:

  • Kankanaey: “and he said to the two slaves, ‘Stay here to watch-over the donkey while I and my child go there to worship God. Then we (excl.) will return.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “He said to his servants — ‘You stay here with the donkey. I and my son will go a bit further [and] having prayed, will come [back].'” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Therefore Abraham said to his two servants, ‘[You (pl.)] just (stay) here a-while and [you (pl.)] watch/guard the donkey, for we (excl.) will-go- ahead -up there and will-worship God. We will- also -return soon.'” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Abraham said to his servants, ‘You two stay here with the donkey while the boy and I go over there. We will worship God there, and then we will come back to you.'” (Source: Translation for Translators)