Language-specific Insights

complete verse (John 18:32)

Following are a number of back-translations of John 18:32:

  • Uma: “(This happened so that what Yesus said foretelling how he would die would come true.)” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “All this happened so that it would be fulfilled what Isa had said as to how he would die.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “(The reason this happened is because the prophecy of Jesus was being fulfilled that he would die by means of being nailed to a cross.)” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “This happened so that what Jesus said about the way he would die would be-fulfilled.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “It was like that so that what Jesus had said would be fulfilled concerning the ordaining of his death.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “So it appeared to be true as Jesus said before when he said that he would be killed on a cross.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (John 18:33)

Following are a number of back-translations of John 18:33:

  • Uma: “From there, Pilatus entered again into his house, he ordered that Yesus be brought before him, and he asked him: ‘Are you (sing.) really the King of the Yahudi people?'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “So-then Pilatus went back again into the palace and commanded that Isa be brought to him. He said to Isa, ‘Is it true that you are the king of the Yahudi tribe?'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And Pilate went into the palace and called Jesus. And Pilate said, ‘Are you a king of the Jews?'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “That being so, Pilato again entered his house and had-Jesus -called. ‘Are you (sing.) the King of the Jews?’ he inquired.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Well since it was like that, Pilato went inside and called for Jesus. He questioned him saying, ‘Are you king of the Judio?'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “When Pilate entered the palace, he commanded that Jesus be brought for questioning. He said, ‘Are you the ruler of the Jews?'” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (John 18:34)

Following are a number of back-translations of John 18:34:

  • Uma: “Yesus said: ‘Is that question from Gubernur himself, or perhaps the words of other people?'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Isa answered, he said, ‘Are you asking this from your own thinking or have other people told you about me?'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And Jesus answered, ‘This question of yours, ‘Am I a king,’ is it only your thinking or did it come from another person?'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Jesus said, ‘That question of yours (sing.), was it from your (sing.) mind/thoughts or was there someone-else who told you (sing.)?'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “‘What’s that?’ said Jesus. ‘That which you said, is it your own thought or is there someone who said to you?'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Jesus said, ‘This word you speak, are you asking it for yourself or is there someone who has told you about me?'” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (John 18:35)

Following are a number of back-translations of John 18:35:

  • Uma: “Pilatus said: ‘As if I were a Yahudi person! It is your (sing.) own Yahudi people with the leaders of the priests who brought you (sing.) to me. What wrong did you (sing.) do?'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Pilatus answered, he said, ‘Am I a Yahudi? Your (sing.) tribe and the leaders of your (pl.) priests have handed you over to me. Why, what is your sin?'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And Pilate answered, ‘Am I a Jew? Your companion Jews and the chief priests, they are the ones who brought you here. What is your sin?'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Pilato said, ‘Do you (sing.) think I’m a Jew maybe? It was your (sing.) fellow Jews and the leaders of your (pl.) priests who handed-you (sing.) -over here. What is you (sing.) sin/crime then?'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “‘As if I am a Judio!’ said Pilato. ‘Your (sing.) fellow-countrymen and chiefs of your (pl.) priests, they are the ones who delivered you here to me. What have you really done?'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Pilate said, ‘Am I a fellow-Jew? Your fellow-Jews and the chief priests have delivered you here to me. What have you done?'” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (John 18:36)

Following are a number of back-translations of John 18:36:

  • Xicotepec De Juárez Totonac: “And Jesus answered him: ‘I do not rule here in this world. If it were that way, my men would have defended me when the Israelites took me prisoner. I do not rule here.'”
  • Ojitlán Chinantec: “So Jesus told Pilate, ‘I am a king, but not like the kings of the world people. If I were like the kings of the world people, my subjects would have fought to keep me from being delivered into the hands of the Jews. But the world people did not make me king.'”
  • Aguaruna: “When he said that, Jesus answering said, ‘This world here is not my ruling place. If I were a chief from here, my ruled ones would fight with the Jews, and by doing so would have kept them from seizing me, and bringing me to you. However, I am not from here.'” (Source for this and above: M. Larson / B. Moore in Notes on Translation February 1970, p. 1-125.)
  • Uma: “Yesus said: ‘My kingdom is not from this world. If for example I were really a king in this world, the people who follow me would definitely fight so that I not be arrested and given to the Yahudi rulers. But my kingdom is not from this world.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Isa answered, he said, ‘My kingdom is not here in the world. If my kingdom were here in the world my disciples/adherents would fight so that I would not be arrested by the leaders of the Yahudi. Yes, my kingdom is not here in this world.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And Jesus answered, ‘My power to rule does not come from here on the earth. If it did come from here, my subjects would have fought so that the Jews might not arrest me. However, my power to rule does not come from here on the earth.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Jesus answered then and said, ‘My rulership, it is distinct from the rulers of this world. Because if I were a king in this world, my people would have quarreled/fought-with those who are Jews so that they wouldn’t have arrested-me. But the truth of it is, it isn’t this world that is the origin of my rulership.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Jesus replied saying, ‘As for my kingship, it’s not like kingships here under the heavens. If supposing my kingship was like that, of course I would be stood-up-for by my men/personnel. Of course I wouldn’t so-easily have been handed over by these Judio. But well, the origin of my kingship is very different.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Jesus said, ‘Where I rule is not here on the earth. If it were here, I would have those who would fight in order that I wouldn’t be delivered to the Jews. But there where I rule isn’t here.'” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (John 18:37)

Following are a number of back-translations of John 18:37:

  • Uma: “Pilatus said again: ‘If thus, are you (sing.) really a king?’ Yesus said: ‘You (sing.) yourself are the one who said that I am a king. The reason I was born into this world was to say what is true. People who like what is true will certainly believe my words.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Pilatus said, ‘If it is like that, you are a king, surprise?’ Isa said, ‘You are the one saying it, that I am a king. The reason that I was born and came into the world is so that I could teach about the truth. All who follow the truth listen to/obey me.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And Pilate said, ‘So you are a king?’ And Jesus answered, ‘It is true what you say because I am a king. That’s why I came to the world. That’s why I was born here on the earth. I came so that I might cause people to understand what the true doctrine is. All the people who wish to know what the true doctrine is, they will listen to me.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “‘Therefore you (sing.) are a king then, isn’t that so?’ Pilato said. ‘If you (sing.) say so, that’s so,’ answered Jesus. ‘And my purpose in coming to this world to be born was to make-known the truth. Whoever values the truth, they will receive/accept what I am saying.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “‘Therefore you are a king, aren’t you?’ said Pilato.Said the reply of Jesus, ‘Yes, what you said is true that I am a king. But I was born and was caused to come down here to this world so that I would make clear what really is the truth. As many as want to know the truth listen to my words.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Pilate said to him, ‘So then you are a ruler?’ Then Jesus said, ‘Yes, I am what you say. I came here to live on this earth so that I can speak the true word. Whoever wants to know about the true word listens to what I say.'” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (John 18:38)

Following are a number of back-translations of John 18:38:

  • Uma: “Pilatus retorted: ‘Ah! What is that that you (sing.) call truth?’ After that, Pilatus went back outside and he said to the Yahudi people: ‘I did not find even one kind of his wrong.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Pilatus said, ‘What is the truth?’ When Pilatus had said this, he went out again to the Yahudi and he said to them, ‘I cannot find any reason for judging this person.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And then Pilate said, ‘It would be good if someone knew what the true teaching is (but no one does).’ And then when he had said this, Pilate went out to the Jews, and he said to them, ‘I can’t find any sin that he’s done.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Whereupon Pilato said, ‘What perhaps is that-aforementioned truth?’ Then he again went-out and said to the Jews, ‘I know of no sin/crime of his.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “‘So what really is truth?’ asked Pilato. ‘No-one knows what is truth.’ When Pilato had said that, he went out again and said again to the Judio, ‘There’s nothing which I can whatever of sin in that person.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Pilate said to him, ‘Whoever can know about the true word?’ Having finished with the questioning, Pilate went outside to speak with the Jews. He said to them, ‘I do not find this man guilty of sin.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (John 18:39)

Following are a number of back-translations of John 18:39:

  • Uma: “But, according to your custom from before, each year on Paskah Day I free for you a person who is imprisoned, whomever you want. So, how about this: do you want me to free to you this King of the Yahudi people?'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “But you are used that whenever the Festival For-Remembering is reached I free one prisoner. Do you want me to free for you the king of the Yahudi?'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “You Jews have the custom that on the Feast of Passing By I release for you the prisoner you want. Do you want me to release this one, the king of you Jews?'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “But you have a custom that I release a prisoner at each fiesta called Passed-By. Do you want then that I release this king of yours?'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “But since it has become a custom that there is one person whom I will release to you from prison on this day of Passed-by, well, do you want that I will release the king of you Judio?'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “But you have the custom that a prisoner will be freed at the celebration of the Passover. Do you want that I release the ruler of the Jews?'” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)