Pharaoh

The term that is used for monarchs in ancient Egypt and is transliterated as “Pharaoh” in English is translated in Finnish Sign Language with the sign signifying the “fake metal beard (postiche)” that was word by Pharaohs during official functions. (Source: Tarja Sandholm)


“Pharaoh” in Finnish Sign Language (source )

complete verse (Genesis 46:33)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 46:33:

  • Kankanaey: “If he has- you -called and asks-about your work,” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “If Pharaoh asks you ‘What work do you do?'” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “So if he will-summon you (pl.) and ask what is your (pl.) work,” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “When the king summons you and asks, ‘What work do you do?'” (Source: Translation for Translators)

Translation commentary on Genesis 46:33

Calls here has the sense of “summons,” “orders you to appear,” or “calls you in.”

Occupation: that is, “your work” or “the kind of work you do.”

Quoted with permission from Reyburn, William D. and Fry, Euan McG. A Handbook on Genesis. (UBS Helps for Translators). New York: UBS, 1997. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .