The Greek that is sometimes translated as “conspire” (or: “giving counsel”) into English is translated into Shilluk with the idiom “gathered mouths together.”
See also conspire (Anuak)
Pharisee
The Greek that is a transliteration of the Hebrew Pərūšīm and is typically transliterated into English as “Pharisee” is transliterated in Mandarin Chinese as Fǎlìsài (法利賽 / 法利赛) (Protestant) or Fǎlìsāi (法利塞) (Catholic). In Chinese, transliterations can typically be done with a great number of different and identical-sounding characters. Often the meaning of the characters are not relevant, unless they are chosen carefully as in these cases. The Protestant Fǎlìsài can mean something like “Competition for the profit of the law” and the Catholic Fǎlìsāi “Stuffed by/with the profit of the law.” (Source: Zetzsche 1996, p. 51)
In Finnish Sign Language it is translated with the sign signifying “prayer shawl”. (Source: Tarja Sandholm)
“Pharisee” in Finnish Sign Language (source )
In British Sign Language it is translated with a sign that depicts “pointing out the law.” (Source: Anna Smith)
“Pharisee” in British Sign Language (source: Christian BSL, used with permission)
In French Sign Language it is translated with a sign that depicts the box of the phylacteries attached to the forehead:
“Pharisees” in French Sign Language (source: La Bible en langue des signes française )
Scot McKnight (in The Second Testament, publ. 2023) translates it into English as Observant. He explains (p. 302): “Pharisee has become a public, universal pejorative term for a hypocrite. Pharisees were observant of the interpretation of the Covenant Code called the ‘tradition of the elders.’ They conformed their behaviors to the interpretation. Among the various groups of Jews at the time of Jesus, they were perhaps closest to Jesus in their overall concern to make a radical commitment to the will of God (as they understood it).”
See also Nicodemus.
Mark 3:1-6 in Russian Sign Language
Following is the translation of Mark 3:1-6 into Russian Sign Language with a back-translation underneath:
Source: Russian Bible Society / Российское Библейское Общество
The house of prayer of the Jews. There was a man there with a dried up hand. The Pharisees were also sitting there. On the Sabbath day Jesus went into the house of prayer. The Pharisees began to say to one another:
— If Jesus heals this man with a dried up hand, then we will rebuke Jesus for breaking the law. Today is the Sabbath, so it is not lawful to heal today.
Jesus looked around, saw a man with a dried up hand, and in full view of everyone called him to the center of the hall. The man approached Jesus. Jesus looked at the Pharisees and said to them:
— Today is the Sabbath. Tell me, what does the law allow you to do on this day? To heal and give health to the man? Or to be indifferent and ignore how he perishes? Tell me.
The Pharisees could say nothing in response. Jesus became angry with the Pharisees and said:
— It is a pity that your hearts are callous.
Jesus’ said to the man with the dry hand:
— Stretch out your hand!
The man stretched out his hand — and it became healthy!
When the Pharisees saw all this, they went out of there with indignation. The Pharisees went to the place where the men, King Herod’s supporters, were. The Pharisees went up to them and began to say to one another:
— How shall we kill this Jesus?
Original Russian back-translation (click or tap here):
Дом молитвы евреев. Там был один человек с высохшей рукой. Также там сидели фарисеи. В день субботний Иисус зашел в дом молитвы. Фарисеи стали говорить друг другу:
— Если Иисус исцелит этого человека с сухой рукой, тогда мы уличим Иисуса в нарушении закона. Сегодня суббота, поэтому исцелять сегодня нельзя по закону.
Иисус посмотрел вокруг, увидел человека с высохшей рукой, и на виду у всех позвал его в центр зала. Этот человек подошел к Иисусу. Иисус посмотрел на фарисеев и сказал им:
— Сегодня суббота. Скажите, что разрешает закон делать в этот день? Исцелить и дать здоровье человеку? Или же быть равнодушным и не обращать внимания, как он погибает? Скажите мне.
Фарисеи ничего не могли сказать в ответ. Иисус разгневался на фарисеев и сказал:
— Жаль, что у вас сердца черствые.
Портом Иисус сказал человеку с сухой рукой:
— Вытяни свою руку!
Человек протянул свою руку — и она стала здоровой!
Фарисеи, увидев все это, с возмущением вышли оттуда. Фарисеи пошли в то место, где были люди, сторонники царя Ирода. Фарисеи подошли к ним и стали говорить друг другу:
— Как же нам убить этого Иисуса?
Back-translation by Luka Manevich
complete verse (Mark 3:6)
Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 3:6:
- Uma: “The Parisi people went out from that prayer house and they gathered with people who were-on-the-side-of King Herodes. They searched for a plan so that Yesus would be killed.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
- Yakan: “Immediately the Pariseo went out of the prayer-house and they went to plan/confer with the disciples of King Herod as to how they could kill Isa.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
- Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And the Pharisee people there left the church, and they and the followers of the party established by King Herod discussed together what might be the way for them to kill Jesus.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
- Kankanaey: “That being so, the Pharisees left and went to agree-together with King Herod’s disciples as to how they would kill Jesus.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
- Tagbanwa: “The Pariseo immediately went out and went-to-work-out-an-agreement with the supporters of Herodes. They were discussing how Jesus could be killed.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
Translation commentary on Mark 3:6
Text:
Instead of edidoun ‘they were giving’ of the majority of modern editions of the Greek text, Textus Receptus and Souter have epoioun ‘they were making,’ and Tischendorf has epoiēsan ‘they made.’
Exegesis:
exelthontes ‘going out (of the synagogue).’
Hērōdianōn (12.13) ‘Herodians’: partisans and friends of Herod Antipas, tetrarch of Galilee.
sumboulion edidoun ‘they held counsel,’ ‘they plotted,’ ‘they planned’: not simply the idea of consultation, but that of deliberation, resolution (cf. Lagrange). Arndt & Gingrich take this phrase to be the equivalent of the Latin consilium capere ‘to plan,’ ‘to purpose.’ The imperfect tense of the verb here may have the meaning ‘they began to counsel.’
hopōs ‘in order that,’ ‘so that’: as an adverb hopōs expresses manner ‘how’ (so Revised Standard Version); if used as a conjunction, it indicates purpose, ‘so that they might destroy him’; or, following a verb meaning ‘to plan,’ hopōs may mean ‘with a view to.’
apolesōsin (cf. 1.24) ‘they might destroy him,’ i.e. put him to death.
Translation:
Went out, i.e. of the synagogue.
Herodians, the political followers and friends of Herod, may be identified as ‘those who walked with Herod’ (Mitla Zapotec).
The Shilluk idiom for taking counsel is an interesting and typical one, ‘gathered mouths together.’
Against him, how to destroy him may give rise to serious difficulties if one attempts to translate literally. However, the expression can be efficiently related to the preceding by translating as ‘got together with the followers of Herod in order to plan how they could destroy Jesus’ (or ‘kill him’). This was no plot merely against his influence, but against his life.
Quoted with permission from Bratcher, Robert G. and Nida, Eugene A. A Handbook on the Gospel of Mark. (UBS Handbook Series). New York: UBS, 1961. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .
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